The Ludwig framework thru 0.10.4 is vulnerable to insecure deserialization (CWE-502) in its model serving component. When starting a model server with the ludwig serve command, the framework loads model weight files using torch.load() without enabling the security-restrictive weights_only=True parameter. This default behavior allows the deserialization of arbitrary Python objects via the pickle module.

An attacker can exploit this by providing a maliciously crafted PyTorch model file, leading to arbitrary code execution on the system hosting the Ludwig model server.