title: Suspicious PowerShell Invocations - Generic
id: ed965133-513f-41d9-a441-e38076a0798f
related:
    - id: 3d304fda-78aa-43ed-975c-d740798a49c1
      type: derived
    - id: bbb80e91-5746-4fbe-8898-122e2cafdbf4
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects suspicious PowerShell invocation command parameters
references:
    - Internal Research
author: Florian Roth (Nextron Systems)
date: 2017-03-12
modified: 2023-01-03
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: ps_script
    definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled'
detection:
    selection_encoded:
        ScriptBlockText|contains:
            - ' -enc '
            - ' -EncodedCommand '
            - ' -ec '
    selection_hidden:
        ScriptBlockText|contains:
            - ' -w hidden '
            - ' -window hidden '
            - ' -windowstyle hidden '
            - ' -w 1 '
    selection_noninteractive:
        ScriptBlockText|contains:
            - ' -noni '
            - ' -noninteractive '
    condition: all of selection*
falsepositives:
    - Very special / sneaky PowerShell scripts
level: high

title: Disable of ETW Trace - Powershell
id: 115fdba9-f017-42e6-84cf-d5573bf2ddf8
related:
    - id: a238b5d0-ce2d-4414-a676-7a531b3d13d6
      type: derived
status: test
description: Detects usage of powershell cmdlets to disable or remove ETW trace sessions
references:
    - https://medium.com/palantir/tampering-with-windows-event-tracing-background-offense-and-defense-4be7ac62ac63
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2022-06-28
modified: 2022-11-25
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.defense-impairment
    - attack.t1070
    - attack.t1685
    - car.2016-04-002
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: ps_script
    definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled'
detection:
    selection_pwsh_remove:   # Autologger provider removal
        ScriptBlockText|contains: 'Remove-EtwTraceProvider '
    selection_pwsh_set:   # Provider “Enable” property modification
        ScriptBlockText|contains|all:
            - 'Set-EtwTraceProvider '
            - '0x11'
    condition: 1 of selection*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high

title: PowerShell Web Access Installation - PsScript
id: 5f9c7f1a-7c21-4c39-b2f3-8d8006e0e51f
status: test
description: Detects the installation and configuration of PowerShell Web Access, which could be used for remote access and potential abuse
references:
    - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/powershellwebaccess/install-pswawebapplication
    - https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa24-241a
    - https://gist.github.com/MHaggis/7e67b659af9148fa593cf2402edebb41
author: Michael Haag
date: 2024-09-03
tags:
    - attack.persistence
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: ps_script
    definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled'
detection:
    selection_install:
        ScriptBlockText|contains: 'Install-WindowsFeature WindowsPowerShellWebAccess'
    selection_config:
        ScriptBlockText|contains: 'Install-PswaWebApplication'
    selection_auth:
        ScriptBlockText|contains|all:
            - 'Add-PswaAuthorizationRule'
            - '-UserName *'
            - '-ComputerName *'
    condition: 1 of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate PowerShell Web Access installations by administrators
level: high

title: Potential WinAPI Calls Via PowerShell Scripts
id: 03d83090-8cba-44a0-b02f-0b756a050306
related:
    - id: ba3f5c1b-6272-4119-9dbd-0bc8d21c2702
      type: similar
status: test
description: Detects use of WinAPI functions in PowerShell scripts
references:
    - https://speakerdeck.com/heirhabarov/hunting-for-powershell-abuse
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community
date: 2020-10-06
modified: 2023-06-20
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
    - attack.t1106
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: ps_script
    definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled'
detection:
    # Note: Add more suspicious combinations in the form of different selections
    selection_injection:
        ScriptBlockText|contains|all:
            - 'VirtualAlloc'
            - 'OpenProcess'
            - 'WriteProcessMemory'
            - 'CreateRemoteThread'
    selection_token_steal:
        ScriptBlockText|contains|all:
            - 'OpenProcessToken'
            - 'LookupPrivilegeValue'
            - 'AdjustTokenPrivileges'
    selection_duplicate_token:
        ScriptBlockText|contains|all:
            - 'OpenProcessToken'
            - 'DuplicateTokenEx'
            - 'CloseHandle'
    selection_process_write_read:
        ScriptBlockText|contains|all:
            - 'WriteProcessMemory'
            - 'VirtualAlloc'
            - 'ReadProcessMemory'
            - 'VirtualFree'
    condition: 1 of selection_*
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high

title: DSInternals Suspicious PowerShell Cmdlets - ScriptBlock
id: 846c7a87-8e14-4569-9d49-ecfd4276a01c
related:
    - id: 43d91656-a9b2-4541-b7e2-6a9bd3a13f4e
      type: similar
status: test
description: |
    Detects execution and usage of the DSInternals PowerShell module. Which can be used to perform what might be considered as suspicious activity such as dumping DPAPI backup keys or manipulating NTDS.DIT files.
    The DSInternals PowerShell Module exposes several internal features of Active Directory and Azure Active Directory. These include FIDO2 and NGC key auditing, offline ntds.dit file manipulation, password auditing, DC recovery from IFM backups and password hash calculation.
references:
    - https://github.com/MichaelGrafnetter/DSInternals/blob/39ee8a69bbdc1cfd12c9afdd7513b4788c4895d4/Src/DSInternals.PowerShell/DSInternals.psd1
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems)
date: 2024-06-26
tags:
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: ps_script
    definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled'
detection:
    selection:
        ScriptBlockText|contains:
            - 'Add-ADDBSidHistory'
            - 'Add-ADNgcKey'
            - 'Add-ADReplNgcKey'
            - 'ConvertFrom-ADManagedPasswordBlob'
            - 'ConvertFrom-GPPrefPassword'
            - 'ConvertFrom-ManagedPasswordBlob'
            - 'ConvertFrom-UnattendXmlPassword'
            - 'ConvertFrom-UnicodePassword'
            - 'ConvertTo-AADHash'
            - 'ConvertTo-GPPrefPassword'
            - 'ConvertTo-KerberosKey'
            - 'ConvertTo-LMHash'
            - 'ConvertTo-MsoPasswordHash'
            - 'ConvertTo-NTHash'
            - 'ConvertTo-OrgIdHash'
            - 'ConvertTo-UnicodePassword'
            - 'Disable-ADDBAccount'
            - 'Enable-ADDBAccount'
            - 'Get-ADDBAccount'
            - 'Get-ADDBBackupKey'
            - 'Get-ADDBDomainController'
            - 'Get-ADDBGroupManagedServiceAccount'
            - 'Get-ADDBKdsRootKey'
            - 'Get-ADDBSchemaAttribute'
            - 'Get-ADDBServiceAccount'
            - 'Get-ADDefaultPasswordPolicy'
            - 'Get-ADKeyCredential' # Covers 'Get-ADKeyCredentialLink'
            - 'Get-ADPasswordPolicy'
            - 'Get-ADReplAccount'
            - 'Get-ADReplBackupKey'
            - 'Get-ADReplicationAccount'
            - 'Get-ADSIAccount'
            - 'Get-AzureADUserEx'
            - 'Get-BootKey'
            - 'Get-KeyCredential'
            - 'Get-LsaBackupKey'
            - 'Get-LsaPolicy' # Covers 'Get-LsaPolicyInformation'
            - 'Get-SamPasswordPolicy'
            - 'Get-SysKey'
            - 'Get-SystemKey'
            - 'New-ADDBRestoreFromMediaScript'
            - 'New-ADKeyCredential' # Covers 'New-ADKeyCredentialLink'
            - 'New-ADNgcKey'
            - 'New-NTHashSet'
            - 'Remove-ADDBObject'
            - 'Save-DPAPIBlob'
            - 'Set-ADAccountPasswordHash'
            - 'Set-ADDBAccountPassword' # Covers 'Set-ADDBAccountPasswordHash'
            - 'Set-ADDBBootKey'
            - 'Set-ADDBDomainController'
            - 'Set-ADDBPrimaryGroup'
            - 'Set-ADDBSysKey'
            - 'Set-AzureADUserEx'
            - 'Set-LsaPolicy' # Covers 'Set-LSAPolicyInformation'
            - 'Set-SamAccountPasswordHash'
            - 'Set-WinUserPasswordHash'
            - 'Test-ADDBPasswordQuality'
            - 'Test-ADPasswordQuality'
            - 'Test-ADReplPasswordQuality'
            - 'Test-PasswordQuality'
            - 'Unlock-ADDBAccount'
            - 'Write-ADNgcKey'
            - 'Write-ADReplNgcKey'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate usage of DSInternals for administration or audit purpose.
level: high

title: Invoke-Obfuscation Via Use Clip - Powershell
id: db92dd33-a3ad-49cf-8c2c-608c3e30ace0
status: test
description: Detects Obfuscated Powershell via use Clip.exe in Scripts
references:
    - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/issues/1009  # (Task29)
author: Nikita Nazarov, oscd.community
date: 2020-10-09
modified: 2024-04-15
tags:
    - attack.stealth
    - attack.t1027
    - attack.execution
    - attack.t1059.001
logsource:
    product: windows
    category: ps_script
    definition: 'Requirements: Script Block Logging must be enabled'
detection:
    selection_4104:
        ScriptBlockText|re: '(?i)echo.*clip.*&&.*(Clipboard|i`?n`?v`?o`?k`?e`?)'
    condition: selection_4104
falsepositives:
    - Unknown
level: high